barriers to participation & possible solutions

Question 1

what are infographics?

Answer 1

a graphic visual representation of information, data or knowledge intended to present information quick and clearly

Question 2

disability:

Answer 2

a term used when impairment adversely affects performance
may be physical/mental or sensory in nature

Question 3

why do disabled people not partake in activity as much?

Answer 3

society discriminates and imposes barriers

Question 4

what is integration?

Answer 4

disabled and able-bodied people taking part in the same activity at the same time (e.g. london marathon)

Question 5

what is segregation?

Answer 5

people with disabilities participating separately among themselves (e.g. paralympics)

Question 6

common barriers which negatively affect disabled participants:

Answer 6

1) lack of confidence
2) relatively low income levels - cost of memberships/transport etc
3) lack of access into and around facilities
4) lack of organised programmes
5) low levels of media coverage/few role models
6) lack of specialist coaches
7) stereotypes about capabilities of disabled participants
8) lower societal expectations

Question 7

solution for lack of self confidence:

Answer 7

provide more opportunities for success - help talented athletes reach the highest levels (e.g. paralympics)

Question 8

solution for low income levels:

Answer 8

increased investment in disabled sport will subsidise cost to make more affordable

Question 9

solution for lack of facilities:

Answer 9

provide transport to/from facilities
plan disabled entrances and ways around when designing buildings

Question 10

solution for lack of role models:

Answer 10

increased media coverage and promoting role models to aspire and relate to

Question 11

solution for lack of coaches:

Answer 11

train more coaches to specialise in disability sport
set up more clubs for disability sport

Question 12

solution for stereotypes of disabled sport:

Answer 12

educate people on stereotypes about capabilities of the disabled

Question 13

solution for lack of organisations:

Answer 13

set up specialist organisations such as the english federation for disability sport (efds)

Question 14

race:

Answer 14

the physical characteristics of an individual

Question 15

racism:

Answer 15

a set of beliefs or ideas based on the assumption that races have hereditary characteristics that give one race a superiority over another
may come alongside with physical or verbal abuse

Question 16

ethnic groups:

Answer 16

people who have racial/religious/linguistic traits in common

Question 17

where does racism come from?

Answer 17

it stems from prejudice linked to the power of one racial group over another
it can lead to discrimination

Question 18

what is stacking?

Answer 18

placing players into positions and sports purely based on their ethnic background

Question 19

what is channelling?

Answer 19

pushing ethnic minorities into certain sports based on race (e.g. asians pushed away from football into cricket)

Question 20

possible causes for under-representation of ethnic groups in sport:

Answer 20

1) conflict with religious observances
2) a higher placed value on education rather than sport (discouragement from family)
3) fear of racism
4) fewer role models to aspire to
5) fear of rejection
6) stereotyping
7) language barriers may still exist for some groups

Question 21

possible solutions for racial disadvantage in sport:

Answer 21

1) training more ethnic minority coaches/teachers/leaders & educate them on stereotyping effects
2) ensure single-sex provisions
3) publicising and punish severely any racial abuse
4) provisions in pe programmes is appropriate for all ethnic preferences
5) organising campaigns against racism in sport

Question 22

what is the rooney rule?

Answer 22

requires national football teams in the usa to interview minority candidates for head coaching and senior football operation jobs

Question 23

gender:

Answer 23

the biological aspect of a person - either a male or a female

Question 24

sexism:

Answer 24

the belief that one sex is inferior to the other - usually women

Question 25

barriers to participation for women:

Answer 25

1) stereotypical myths still evident in society
2) less media coverage of women’s sport compared to men’s
3) fewer positive role models for women to aspire to
4) women in sport identify pressure women feel to be thin as opposed to being healthy
5) fewer sponsorship opportunities/opportunities to become full time sports performers
6) negative impact of school pe programmes/lack of appealing choice of activities
7) lack of self-confidence/body image issues
8) lack of leisure time due to work - traditional domestic house chores
9) lack of disposable income
10) channelling women into ‘female appropriate sports’
11) fewer leagues available for women to participate in

Question 26

possible solutions for gender barriers in sport?

Answer 26

1) enforce laws that make sex discrimination unlawful in many ways of life
2) encourage greater social acceptance of women having jobs with more disposable income = increased financial dependence
3) encourage shared domestic responsibilities - creates more leisure time
4) increased media coverage of women’s sport
5) increased sponsorship attracted to women’s sport
6) education to reject stereotypical myths
7) provide more opportunities to join sports clubs as women
8) make changing rooms as clean as possible