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!) War in Eurasia (Finals) > Barbarossa > Flashcards

Barbarossa Flashcards

1
Q

What was the name of the German railway troops?

A

Eisenbahntruppe

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2
Q

Who commanded the Eisenbahntruppe?

A

General Rudolf Gercke, Chief of Transport for the OKH and the OKW

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3
Q

From which organisation did the Eisenbahntruppe pull poorly trained and motivated reinforcements?

A

Reichsbahn

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4
Q

What were the Eisenbahntruppe doing in winter 1941/42 instead of training?

A

repairing railways within Germany

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5
Q

How did Russian rail track differ from European rail?

A

wider gauge, lower weight tolerance, wooden sleepers, fewer sleepers

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6
Q

How did Russian rolling stock differ from German rolling stock?

A

larger onboard water storage (wider distances between water stations), no external water tanks (immune to freezing)

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7
Q

Why could the Germans not use captured Russian fuel?

A

Russian gasoline had lower octane content, Russian coal had high impurities and lower carbon content

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8
Q

What was the name of the transport regiments tasked with bringing supplies from railheads to divisional depots?

A

Grosstransportraum

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9
Q

Who commanded the Grosstransportraum?

A

General Eduard Wagner, Quater-Master General for the OKW

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10
Q

How many regiments did the Grosstransportraum have during Barbarossa?

A

three

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11
Q

How many men did the Grosstransportraum have at the start of Barbarossa?

A

9000

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12
Q

How many trucks did the Grosstransportraum have at the start of Barbarossa?

A

6600 (20% under repair at any time)

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13
Q

What was the logistical capacity of the Grosstransportraum at the start of Barbarossa?

A

19500 tons

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14
Q

How many divisions could the Grosstransportraum reasonably supply with their resources?

A

33 divisions over a distance of 300 miles

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15
Q

What was the name of the transport sections which were attached to each German division?

A

Kleinkolonnenraum

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16
Q

How many trucks were in the authorised complement of each German Infantry Division?

A

942

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17
Q

How many horse wagons were in the authorised complement of each German Infantry Division?

A

1200

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18
Q

How many models of truck were used by the Wehrmacht during Barbarossa?

A

over 2000

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19
Q

How many different model of trucks were used by the 18th Panzer Division?

A

111

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20
Q

How many different type of spare part would be required for the trucks of Heeresgruppe Mitte?

A

1,000,000

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21
Q

What percentage of German locamotives were destroyed by cold in winter 1941/42?

A

80%

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22
Q

What percentage of the Grosstransportraum’s fleet of trucks was broken within 19 days of the campaign?

A

25%

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23
Q

How long did it take before 25% of the Grosstransportraum’s fleet of trucks was out of action?

A

19 days

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24
Q

In practice, how far from the railheads could the Grosstransportraum take supplies?

A

60 miles

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25
Q

What percentage of their trucks did Heeresgruppe Sud replace with horse carts in August 1941?

A

50%

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26
Q

In what month did Heeresgruppe Sud replace 50% of their trucks with horse carts?

A

August 1941

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27
Q

How many horses did the Wehrmacht begin the campaign with?

A

700,000

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28
Q

What proportion of their horses did the Wehrmacht lose over the latter half of 1941?

A

one third

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29
Q

How far did the 12th Infantry Division march per day from June to July 1941?

A

15 miles

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30
Q

Between which months did the 12th Infantry Division average a daily march of 15 miles?

A

June - July 1941

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31
Q

In October 1941, the 12th Infantry Divisional Doctor noted shortages of which food items?

A

meat, potatoes, pulses, sugar

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32
Q

In which month did the 12th Infantry Divisional Doctor note shortages of meat, potatoes, pulses and sugar?

A

October 1941

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33
Q

By which month were soldiers of the 12th Infantry Division eating horse fodder?

A

February 1942

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34
Q

In which encirclement were the soldiers of the 12th Infantry Division forced to eat horse fodder in February 1942?

A

Demyansk Pocket

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35
Q

In which month did the 18th Panzer Division cut food rations by one third?

A

February 1942

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36
Q

By what proportion did the 18th Panzer Division cut food rations in February 1942?

A

one third

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37
Q

What decision did Hitler make in August 1941, overuling his generals in the process?

A

Divert troops from the attack on Moscow to encircle Kyiv

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38
Q

In which month did Hitler make the Lötzen decision to divert forces from Moscow to Ukraine?

A

August 1941

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39
Q

In which month did Hitler order troops to encircle rather than break into Leningrad?

A

September 1941

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40
Q

What decision did Hitler make in September 1941?

A

Ordered forces to encircle rather than capture Leningrad

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41
Q

In which month did the offensive on Moscow resume?

A

October 1941

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42
Q

In which month did Hitler refuse to allow the 6th Army to retreat?

A

November 1942

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43
Q

What did Hitler refuse to allow in November 1942?

A

Retreat of the 6th Army from Stalingrad

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44
Q

How many divisions were surrounded at Stalingrad?

A

21

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45
Q

What did Stalin abolish in October 1942?

A

The dual command powers of the politruks

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46
Q

When did Stalin abolish the dual command powers of the politruks?

A

October 1942

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47
Q

In which month did Stalin heed Zhukov’s advice on the disbandment of two tank corps?

A

September 1942

48
Q

What did Stalin do on Zhukov’s advice in September 1942?

A

Reverse the disbandment of two tank corps

49
Q

In April 1943, what did Stalin decide on the advice of the Stavka?

A

To launch the Smolensk-Donbass offensives in the summer rather than spring

50
Q

When did Stalin decide to delay the Smolensk-Donbass offensives on the advice of the Stavka?

A

April 1943

51
Q

What was significant about the air combat on 22 June 1941?

A

Largest air battle in history

52
Q

How many Soviet planes were destroyed on 22 June 1941?

A

c.4000

53
Q

What is the German term for battles of encirclement?

A

Kesselschlacht

54
Q

Between which two months was the first series of major German offensives?

A

June - December 1941

55
Q

How many Soviet field armies were surrounded in the battles of Minsk, Smolensk, Uman, Bryansk and Kyiv?

A

17

56
Q

In which encirclements were 17 Soviet field armies destroyed?

A

Minsk, Smolensk, Uman, Bryansk, Kyiv

57
Q

What was the name of the major German offensive into the Caucasus region in summer 1942?

A

Fall Blau

58
Q

Between which months was the Fall Blau offensive?

A

June - November 1942

59
Q

What happened to Army Group A during Case Blau?

A

halted just short of Caucasus oil fields

60
Q

What happened to Army Group B during Case Blau?

A

Halted at Stalingrad and Astrakhan

61
Q

Between which months did the Great Purge affect the Red Army?

A

June 1937 - November 1938

62
Q

How many army officers were discharged during the Great Purge?

A

35,000

63
Q

How many marshals were purged during the Great Purge?

A

3/5

64
Q

How many Army commanders were purged during the Great Purge?

A

13/15

65
Q

How many corps commanders were purged during the Great Purge?

A

50/57

66
Q

Between which months were the Purge of 1941?

A

October 1940 - February 1942

67
Q

Which institutions did the 1941 Purge begin with and which did it ultimately hit hardest?

A

Began: armaments manufacturing ministeries; Hardest Hit: Red Air Force

68
Q

Which new defensive line did Stalin decide to construct in Poland?

A

Molotov Line

69
Q

Which defensive line had its guns removed for transport west in 1940?

A

The Stalin Line

70
Q

How many Soviet Mechanised Corps were stationed in border military districts in June 1941?

A

20/29

71
Q

What percentage of the Soviet Union’s newest tanks were stationed in border military districts in June 1941?

A

80%

72
Q

Which Soviet general argued for defence in depth but was executed in July 1938?

A

Alexander Svechin

73
Q

When was Alexander Svechin executed?

A

July 1938

74
Q

Which GRU agent warned the Soviets of the impending invasion?

A

Richard Sorge

75
Q

Where did Richard Sorge, a GRU agent, work?

A

German embassy in Tokyo

76
Q

In which month did Stalin reintroduce the dual command powers of the politruks?

A

July 1941

77
Q

What did Halder’s notes of Hitler’s speech of 30 March 1941 say about the conflict in the East?

A

‘This fight will be very different from the in the west’

78
Q

On what day did Hitler give a speech to his generals explaining the reasons for Barbarossa?

A

30 March 1941

79
Q

On what day did von Reichnau issue his severity order?

A

10 October 1941

80
Q

How did von Reichnau’s severity define the German soldier?

A

‘the ruthless standard bearer of a völkischen ideal’

81
Q

What did von Reichnau’s severity order claim that the war was being fought against?

A

‘the Jewish-Bolshevik system’

82
Q

In which month did the Central Rear Area convene a special SS-Heer conference on partisans?

A

October 1941

83
Q

Which message came from the SS-Heer conference on partisans in early October 1941?

A

‘where there’s a Jew there’s a partisan, and where there’s a partisan there’s a Jew’

84
Q

What is the German word for a war of annihilation?

A

Vernichtungskrieg

85
Q

What did von Reichnau’s severity order (10 Oct 1941) claim that Barbarossa would exterminate?

A

‘the Asiatic influence in European civilisation’

86
Q

In which month did the 18th Panzer Division’s Catholic Priest note increased demand for religious booklets?

A

March 1942

87
Q

In which month did the 18th Panzer Division’s Catholic Priest note ‘high rate of participation’ in religious services?

A

October 1943

88
Q

In which did the 18th Panzer Division’s Lutheran Pastor note how ‘absolutely necessary a firm religious basis’ was?

A

October 1942

89
Q

In which month did the 18th Panzer Division’s Command note that educational officers were ‘welcomed enthusiastically’?

A

October 1942

90
Q

In which month did the 12th Infantry Division’s educational officer note the continued interest in politics and current affairs?

A

June 1943

91
Q

By which month were the majority of Infantry Divisions below 50% strength with OKW reserves exhausted?

A

November 1941

92
Q

Between which months did the 12th Infantry Division lose 118% of its authorised strength?

A

June 1941 - October 1943

93
Q

What percentage of authorised strength did the 12th Infantry Division lose between June 1941 and October 1943?

A

118%

94
Q

What percentage of authorised strength did the Großdeutschland Division lose between July 1942 and September 1943?

A

98%

95
Q

Between which months did the Großdeutschland Division lose 98% of authorised strength?

A

July 1942 - September 1943

96
Q

By what date had the 18th Panzer Division lost 61% of their tanks?

A

9 July 1941

97
Q

What percentage of their tanks had 18th Panzer Division lost by 9 July 1941?

A

61%

98
Q

How many new commanders did a Grenadier Company within the Großdeutschland Division have over 16 weeks in late 1943?

A

16

99
Q

How much guard duty did the soldiers of 12th Infantry Division average during the winter of 1941?

A

5-6 hours per night

100
Q

When were the soldiers of 12th Infantry Division averaging 5-6 hours of guard duty per night?

A

winter 1941

101
Q

When did Hitler order his troops to ‘immediately open fire in case of insubordination’?

A

February 1943

102
Q

Approximately how many soldiers did the German Army execute in the Second World War?

A

15,000

103
Q

How many soldiers did the German Army execute during the First World War?

A

48

104
Q

By what percentage did death sentences in German court martials increase between 1939/40 - 1943/44?

A

800%

105
Q

Between which years did death sentences in German court martials increase by 800%?

A

1939/40 - 1943/44

106
Q

How many court martials did the 12th Infantry Division hold between July 1941 and June 1943?

A

560

107
Q

Between which months did the 12th Infantry Division hold 560 court martials?

A

July 1941 - June 1943

108
Q

Of the 560 court martials held by the 12th Infantry Division between July 1941 and June 1943, how many were for looting?

A

20

109
Q

In which month did the Commander of the 18th Panzer Division predict that looting would drive the population ‘back into the Bolshevik camp’?

A

July 1941

110
Q

What did the Commander of the 18th Panzer Division predict in July 1941?

A

that looting would drive the population ‘back into the Bolshevik camp’

111
Q

In what month did 6th Army HQ order that ‘after the POWs have been organised into work-battalions they should not be attacked and shot’?

A

July 1941

112
Q

What did 6th Army HQ order in July 1941?

A

‘after the POWs have been organised into work-battalions they should not be attacked and shot’

113
Q

In which month did the Großdeutschland Division warn that atrocities would lead to ‘a stiffening of the enemy’s resistance’?

A

April 1943

114
Q

What did the Großdeutschland Division warn of in April 1943?

A

That atrocities would lead to ‘a stiffening of the enemy’s resistance’

115
Q

What did 6th Army HQ note in August 1941?

A

‘cases of off-duty soldiers volunteering to help the SD with their executions or acting as spectators and taking photographs’

116
Q

In which month did 6th Army HQ warn against ‘cases of off-duty soldiers volunteering to help the SD with their executions or acting as spectators and taking photographs’?

A

August 1941

!) War in Eurasia (Finals) (4 decks)

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