Bandura: Self cognitive and self -efficacy theory Flashcards
How did Bandura’s model of social cognition differ from skinner’s?
- interaction between behaviour, cognition and environment COGNITION MOST IMPORTANT
- behaviours can be LEARNED by observing
- reinforcement can be INDIRECT
- reinforcement does not occur without prior cognition, learning is cognitively mediated and not inevitable of the environment alone
- a self-system that acts upon the environment and behaviour
What is vicarious learning?
- much of our behaviour is shaped through the observation of others
What are some assumptions of Bandura’s social cognitive theory?
- VICARIOUS LEARNING
- COGNITION
- RECIPROCAL DETERMINISM (reciprocal interaction btw personal factors, environment and behaviour)–> prior learning leads to mastery (efficacy) and current intepretations to interact to regulate behaviour
What is Bandura’s concept of reciprocal determinism?
- B (BEHAVIOUR)
- E (ENVIRONMENT)
- P (PERSON)
What are factors that determine whether we will learn from a model?
- characteristics of the model i.e. most likely to be high status individuals
- characteristics of the observer i.e. children, novices
- consequences of the behaviour i.e. greater value we place on the behaviour, more likely we’ll learn it
What is the 4 step model of observational learning?
- ATTEND
- REMEMBER
- REPRODUCE
- MOTIVATION because of reinforcement
To demonstrate that observational learning has occurred, the imitated action must consist of a newly organise pattern of behavioural responses not previously in the observer’s repertoire
How did Bandura demonstrate observational modeling?
- aggression modeling in children
What did Paik & Comstock show about whether aggression is socially learnt?
- did a meta- analysis: found 10 out of 100 viewers would be affected by violence they see on tv or film.
What did Bandura & McDonald (1969) show about social modeling in children (morality)?
- 5-11 yr olds at high and low levels of moral judgment showed significant change when exposed to adult models –> change persistent when models no longer present
What was Bandura’s view of human agency?
- ppl are self-organizing, self-regulating, proactive organisms that aren’t just a product of their external environment
How did Bandura extend the humanist’s construct of ‘self’?
- self-system consisting of perception, evaluation and regulation of behaviour.
‘SELF-SYSTEM’ lies at the centre of causal processes
What is self-efficacy?
- beliefs in one’s ability to organise and execute the courses of action required to produce given attainments
- appraisal of one’s capabilities and the demands of the environment are key determinants
How did Bandura suggest self-efficacy was a component of personality?
- because of its huge influence on in shaping various psychologica phenomena
What are four principles of self-efficacy?
- mastery experiences
- social persuasion
- vicarious experiences
- physical and emotional experiences
THE FOUR SOURCES MAY HAVE A DIFFERENT VALUE/WT FOR DIFFERENT PPL
What are different sources of weighting?
- from previous experience
- from peers and what they had to say about our success
