Bandura (1961) Flashcards

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1
Q

What were the aims of Bandura’s study?

A
  • To see if children would copy an adult’s aggressive behaviour towards a Bobo doll
  • To see if children were more likely to copy the aggressive behaviours of adults of the same sex
  • To see if boys were more likely to copy the aggressive behaviours than girl
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2
Q

Who were used in the sample?

A

72 boys and girls with an average age of 4 years old.

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3
Q

What type of method was used?

A

Lab

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4
Q

What participant design was used?

A

Matched pairs

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5
Q

What were the 3 different conditions?

A

1) Control group
2) Aggressive model
3) Non-aggressive model

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6
Q

What were the 3 IVs?

A

1) Condition children were exposed to
2) Gender of the child
3) Gender of the adult

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7
Q

What were the 2 DVs?

A

1) Number of physical aggressive acts displayed

2) Number of verbal aggressive acts displayed

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8
Q

Briefly describe the procedure of this study.

A
  • Child was put in opposite corner of room to the adult and Bobo doll
  • Adults in the aggressive model physically attacked the doll with a mallet and verbally abused the doll by saying “pow”
  • Adults in the non-aggressive model ignored the Bobo doll and played with other toys
  • Child then put in a room with other toys but was told it couldn’t play with them to elicit ‘mild aggression arousal’
  • Child then put in a room with non-aggressive, such as crayons, and aggressive toys, such as the Bobo doll
  • Child was kept in that room for 20 mins where behaviour was observed through a one-way mirror by 2 observers
  • Observations were made at 5 second intervals
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9
Q

What were the results of Bandura’s study?

A
  • Boys imitated more aggression than girls
  • Boys watching aggressive male model imitated 25.8 of the actions
  • Girls watching aggressive female model imitated 5.5 of the actions
  • Girls copied more verbal aggressive acts
  • Boys copied more physical aggressive acts
  • Children exposed to aggressive condition copied more aggressive acts
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10
Q

Evaluate the generalisability using a low point.

A

P - Low
E - Used a sample of 72 boys and girls
E - This does not represent how adults would observe and reproduce behaviour of their role models due to being significantly different in context to the role models of children

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11
Q

Evaluate the reliability using 2 high points.

A

P - High
E - Standardised procedure such as observing children at 5 second intervals for 20 mins
E - Making the study accurately replicable to test for consistency of results
P - High inter-rater
E - Included 2 observers who agreed 89% of the time
E - Removes subjectivity and makes the results objective

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12
Q

Are there any applications?

A

P - Yes
E - Highlights how children will imitate the behaviour of role models
E - This can help parenting by behaving around a child they way you would want them to behave, such as not shouting at them for doing something wrong as they will likely shout and be aggressive back

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13
Q

Evaluate the validity using 2 low points.

A

P - Low
E - Children had never seen a Bobo doll before so maybe they thought they were supposed to hit it
E - Therefore no cause and effect could be established because they thought that was how you play with it rather than actually being aggressive
P - Low ecological
E - Carried out in an artificial environment where the model and the child were strangers
E - Doesn’t represent how children would observe and imitate behaviour in real life

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14
Q

Evaluate an ethical issue.

A

P - Unethical
E - The children were deliberately encouraged to be aggressive with no talk of removing that aggression
E - And so children may have been aggressive after the study which they should have countered by showing a pro-social role model to calm them down

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