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Surgery I > Bandaging & Bandaging Techniques (13) > Flashcards

Bandaging & Bandaging Techniques (13) Flashcards

Dr. Gilley

1
Q

What are the goals of a bandage?

A
  • protects wounds
  • speeds wound healing
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2
Q

What are some good things bandages can do?

A
  • provide wound cleanliness
  • control wound environment
  • reduce edema and hemorrhage
  • eliminate dead space
  • immobilize injured tissue
  • minimize scar tissue
  • make patient more comfortable
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3
Q

What are some complications with bandages?

A
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4
Q

When are bandages indicated?

A
  • treating injuries
  • used below elbow and stifle
    -protecting wounds or devices
  • transport
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5
Q

What are the characteristics of a Modified Robert Jones (soft padded) bandage?

A
  • immobilizes limb
  • decreases/limits soft tissue welling
  • absorbs wound exudate
  • add splint material
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6
Q

What is a requirement with the modified Robert jones bandage?

A

fracture MUST be below the elbow/stifle

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7
Q

What are the three basic layers of a bandage?

A
  1. primary (contact layer)
  2. secondary (intermediate layer)
  3. tertiary (outer layer)
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8
Q

What is the function of the primary layer of a bandage?

A
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9
Q

Which layer?

A

primary layer - TELFA

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10
Q

What are the functions of the secondary layer?

A
  • absorbs and stores deleterious agents
  • retards bacterial growth
  • pads wound from trauma
  • splints wound to prevent movement
  • holds primary bandage layer in place
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11
Q

Which bandage layer?

A

secondary layer

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12
Q

Which layer?

A

secondary layer

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13
Q

What are functions of the tertiary layer?

A
  • holds other bandage layers in place
  • protects against external bacterial colonization
  • cosmetic
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14
Q

Which layer?

A

tertiary

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15
Q

What are the types of primary layers?

A
  • adherent
  • nonadherent
  • occlusive
  • semi-occlusive
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16
Q

What are the characteristics of an adherent primary layer?

A

used when wound debridement is required

may be wet or dry

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17
Q

What are characteristics of a non adherent primary layer?

A
  • during repair phase or if no necrotic debris
  • retains moisture to promote epithelialization and prevent dehydration
  • drains excess fluid and prevents maceration
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18
Q

What are characteristics of an occlusive primary layer?

A
  • impermeable to air
  • use on nonexudative wounds to keep moist
  • speeds rate and quality of healing compared to dressings allowing desiccation
  • use in partial thickness wounds without necrosis or infection

waterproof bandage basically

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19
Q

What are characteristics of a semi-occlusive primary layer?

A
  • allows air to penetrate
  • allows exudate to escape
  • most commonly used primary layer
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20
Q

What should you apply before the primary layer?

A

tape stirrups

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21
Q

What should you do before you even start bandaging?

A

assemble bandage materials and supplies

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22
Q

Where do you place tape stirrups?

A

distal 1/3rd of the limp, medial & lateral or dorsal and palmar/plantar

prevents it from slipping

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23
Q

In the Modified Robert Jones / Soft Padded bandage, what should you do regarding the toes? Why?

A

place cotton between the toes

  • decreases moisture build-up
  • increases patient comfort

don’t forget the dewclaw

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24
Q

What is this person doing?

A

applying the primary layer
- contact layer, non adherent

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25
Q

What is this person doing?

A

applying the secondary layer

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26
Q

What are characteristics of the secondary layer?

A

intermediate layer, absorbent, supportive

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27
Q

Once you apply the secondary layer, what should you do?

A

separate the tape stirrups and rotate then proximally while twisting 180 degree

secure stirrups to underlying wrap to prevent distal slipping

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28
Q

How should you apply the tertiary layer?

A

applied toes-up, overlapping, with a firm, even pressure

29
Q

How do you apply a walking pad?

A

applied without much pressure since elastic properties may lead to swelling

30
Q

What are the characteristics of a walking pad?

A

very adhesive and water resistant

can use koozies

31
Q

After the bandage is applied, what is the last thing you should do?

A

put date, initials, reminders, & warnings

32
Q

What are the types of adherent bandages?

A

wet-to-dry
wet-to-wet
dry-to-dry

33
Q

What type of bandage material is now recommended for all stages of wound healing?

A

non adherent

34
Q

What bandages are most often used in vet med?

A

semi-occlusive

35
Q

What is a tie-over bandage?

A

when a wound is in an area inaccessible to standard bandaging techniques

contact and absorbent layers held in place with tie-over bandage

36
Q

A dog has a wound in his axillary region. What type of bandage should you do?

A

tie-over bandage

37
Q

Type of bandage?

A

tie-over bandage

38
Q

How do you apply a tie-over bandage?

A
  • apply several sutures or skin staples with loose loops around periphery of wound
  • apply primary or secondary bandage layer
  • hold tertiary layer by lacing umbilical tape or heavy suture through loose skin sutures or staples
39
Q

Type of bandage?

A

pressure relief bandage

40
Q

When do you use pressure relief bandages?

A
  • usually over bony prominence
  • to treat/prevent pressure sores
41
Q

What is the function of a pressure bandage?

A

facilitates control of minor hemorrhage, edema, and excess granulation tissue

42
Q

The more [convex/concave] the surface, the greater pressure exerted by dressing on tissue

A

convex

43
Q

A wound has necrotic tissue, foreign matter, and viscous exudate. What type of bandage should you use? Why?

A

wet adherent bandage

necrotic tissue and foreign material adhere to gauze and are removed with the bandage

44
Q

When are wet adherent bandages used?

A

wound has necrotic tissue, foreign matter, or viscous exudate

45
Q

What are wet adherent bandages?

A

sterile wide mesh gauze soaked in sterile saline solution and 1:40 chlorhexadine diacetate

46
Q

A wound has loose necrotic tissue and foreign material. What bandage is best to use?

A

dry adherent bandage

47
Q

When are dry adherent bandages most likely used?

A

when wound has large quantity of low-viscosity exudate that does not aggregate

has loose necrotic tissue and foreign material

48
Q

What are the characteristics of the Robert Jones bandage?

A
  • very large/thick bandage
  • uses rolled/sheet cotton
  • wrapped with more compression
49
Q

Bandage type?

A

Robert Jones

50
Q

What are the characteristics of a soft padded (Modified Robert Jones)?

A

add splint material (premade, thermoplastics, fiberglass, aluminum rods

51
Q

How do you bandage a proximal extremity lesion?

A

continue bandage up the leg around chest or abdomen & between legs to create spica type bandage

52
Q

What is a paw bandage?

A

placed like a leg bandage except digits are covered

53
Q

What is this? Is it recommended?

A

Schroeder-Thomas Splint

NO!!

54
Q

What is this?

A

spica splint

55
Q

What is the purpose of a spica splint?

A

for immobilization of the shoulder

56
Q

What is this?

A

Ehmer sling

57
Q

What is the purpose of an Ehmer sling?

A

“Ehmer Femur” - to prevent pelvic limb weight bearing

post-hip reduction or acetabular fractures

58
Q

What is this?

A

velpeau slip

59
Q

What is the purpose of a velpeau sling?

A

“Velpeau Elbow” - to prevent forelimb weight bearing

after shoulder / forelimbs procedures - medial shoulder luxations

60
Q

When should you only use casts for fractures?

A

only injuries distal to elbow/stifle

61
Q

When do you place casts for fractures?

A
  • stable minimally displaced fractures
  • unable to repair with surgical techniques
  • young rapidly healing animals
62
Q

T/F: You can cast open fractures

A

FALSE

63
Q

What should you always do after casting and why?

A

radiograph after casting

must have >50% overlap of fracture ends in each of 2 radiographic views

64
Q

Should you place a cast standing up or sitting down?

A

standing position to encourage use when walking, limit muscle atrophy and joint stiffness, and shorten recovery period

65
Q

How often should you check casts for fractures?

A

every 2 weeks, maybe weekly at first

66
Q

What are common complications to casting?

A
67
Q

How should you assess the bandage?

A
68
Q

What should you remember when bandaging?

A
  • leave middle two toes exposed when possible
  • bandages start at toes and go up to avoid swelling
  • keep limb in physiologic position
  • overlap 1/3 to 1/2 the width of your wrap
  • apply firm, even pressure
69
Q

What is the key to success when healing regarding bandaging use?

A

owner compliance

Surgery I (16 decks)

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