Balance

Question 1

Which part of the ear is responsible for balance?

Answer 1

c) Inner ear

Question 2

What is the primary function of the semicircular canals?

Answer 2

c) Stabilize gaze during head movements

Question 3

Which organ is responsible for balance during linear acceleration in the horizontal plane?

Answer 3

c) Utricle

Question 4

What is the sensory organ in the semicircular canals?

Answer 4

a) Crista

Question 5

What condition is caused by otoconia dislodgement into the semicircular canals?

Answer 5

c) Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)

Question 6

Which semicircular canal is most commonly affected in BPPV?

Answer 6

b) Posterior

Question 7

What test is used to diagnose posterior canal BPPV?

Answer 7

b) Dix-Hallpike test

Question 8

What is the hallmark symptom of Meniere’s disease?

Answer 8

b) Triad of tinnitus, vertigo, and fluctuating hearing loss

Question 9

What does the utricle detect?

Answer 9

b) Linear acceleration in the horizontal plane

Question 10

What structure connects the cochlea to the vestibular system?

Answer 10

a) Vestibule

Question 11

Which test evaluates the function of the utricle and saccule?

Answer 11

b) VEMP

Question 12

What is the cause of vestibular neuronitis?

Answer 12

a) Viral infection

Question 13

Which condition involves the destruction of the vestibular nerve due to a tumor?

Answer 13

a) Vestibular schwannoma

Question 14

In Meniere’s disease, what leads to increased pressure in the inner ear?

Answer 14

b) Excessive endolymph production

Question 15

What does the Epley maneuver treat?

Answer 15

c) BPPV

Question 16

What tool cancels the brain’s control of eye movement during examination?

Answer 16

d) Frenzel goggles

Question 17

Which investigation measures the electrical activity in the cochlea?

Answer 17

c) ECoG

Question 18

What is the triad of symptoms in Meniere’s disease?

Answer 18

a) Tinnitus, vertigo, and sensorineural hearing loss

Question 19

Which test objectively assesses the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR)?

Answer 19

b) vHIT

Question 20

What causes nystagmus?

Answer 20

a) Dysfunction of the semicircular canals

Question 21

A 35-year-old patient presents with vertigo triggered by head movement lasting seconds. What is the likely diagnosis?

Answer 21

a) BPPV

Question 22

What is the first step in diagnosing balance disorders?

Answer 22

a) History taking

Question 23

A patient with Meniere’s disease is advised to reduce which dietary component?

Answer 23

b) Salt

Question 24

Which investigation uses cold water to stimulate the vestibular system?

Answer 24

c) Caloric test

Question 25

Which vestibular condition is associated with a vascular syndrome?

Answer 25

b) Vestibular migraine

Question 26

What is the gold standard test for diagnosing semicircular canal dysfunction?

Answer 26

a) Rotary chair

Question 27

What investigation objectively tests nystagmus?

Answer 27

a) ENG/VNG

Question 28

What is the sensory organ in otolith organs called?

Answer 28

b) Macula

Question 29

What structure in the otolith organs helps detect linear acceleration?

Answer 29

a) Hair cells and otoconia

Question 30

Which balance disorder involves the destruction of myelin in the CNS?

Answer 30

c) Multiple sclerosis (MS)

Question 31

Which investigation assesses the integration of vestibular, visual, and proprioceptive systems?

Answer 31

b) Equitest/Posturography

Question 32

What is the function of the saccule?

Answer 32

b) Detects linear acceleration in the vertical plane

Question 33

What condition is typically diagnosed with Frenzel goggles?

Answer 33

d) Nystagmus

Question 34

What maneuver is performed to treat posterior canal BPPV?

Answer 34

b) Epley maneuver