Bagbi Flashcards
What is DVT? Aka
It is the formation of a blood clot (thrombus) in the deep vein. Aka venous thrombo embolism
Economy class syndrome
What will cause heart failure?
An emboli lodges in the lungs that blocks oxygen flow
When does an emboli become dangerous?
When it breaks off and travels downstream to the pulmonary circulatory system and becomes lodges in the lungs
Primary aetiology of DVT 2
Blood flow stagnation
Hypercoagulability
Eg of what makes blood flow slower
Bed rest
Surgery
Reduced cardiac output
What increases the risk of hypercoagulability
Pregnancy
Surgery
Oestroen administration
Malignancy
Congenital disorders of coagulation
Risk factors apart from b5
Smoking
Obesity
Fam history
Clinical manifestations of DVT and PE
Inflammation symptoms
Pe- marked hemodynamic dusturbañce such as hypotension and ventricular failurr
Shortness of breath
If PE left untreated
Pleuritic pain
Haemoptysis - coughing up blood
Pulmonary infarction - lung death
Respiratory failure
Death
Diagnosis . 1
most accurate
- Wells should be used to estimate the pretest probability of VTE and interpret test results
If VTE is low - use D-Dimer
If high use - ultrasonography …… Diagnostic imaging studies
Eg
MRI
MOST accurate Venography
Main laboratory test
D-Dimer
Coagulation studies
Prothrombin time
5 treatment aim
- Ensure normal circulation of blood
In the limb
Prevent coagulation
Prevent PE.
Dissolution of cloths
Prevent future spisodes in acute submissive PE
Treatments
- anticoagulants - heparin and warfarin
Thrombolytic agent for massive mbolism - strpetokinase
Antiplatelet agent- aspirin clopidogrel
3 roles of antiplatelet agemt
- Prevent platelet aggregation
Prevent arterial thrombus
Prevent myocardial infarction - stroke
Heparin treatment
Low molecular weight
Unfractionated heparin
