Baddely Flashcards
What was the aim?
To investigate whether the short and long term memory encodes acoustically or semantically. Baddely mainly focused on LTM.
Where were the participants from and how many were there?
Participants were from the Cambridge University subject panel and the were 72 participants
How were the groups split?
The participants were split into four group of 15-20 and each viewed a slideshow of 10 words.
What were the word lists?
Acoustically similar, control, semantically similar, control
What were the IVs?
Acoustically similar words or acoustically dissimilar words, semantically similar word list or semantically dissimilar, performance before 15 minutes delay and performance after.
How were the IVs tested?
The first two IVs were tested through independent group design. The third IV is tested through repeated measures.
DV
Number of words correctly recalled. The words must be recalled in the correct order, the word list in a random order was made visible around the room.
How were the participants shown the words?
Each group viewed a slideshow of 10 set words. Each word appeared for 3 seconds.
What happened once the participants had seen the words?
Had to carry out an interference task which involved writing down 8 numbers three times and they then had to recall the words from the slideshow in order.
How many trials were there?
There were 4 trials and each time the participants did it they got better.
Forgetting trial
After the 4th trial the participants had a 15 minute break and performed an unrelated interference task. They were then unexpectedly asked to recall the word list again.
What were the results?
Recall of the acousticallu similar sounding words were slightly worse but not statistically significant. Participants found that semantically similar words were more difficult to learn. Significantly fewer semantically similar words were remembered in the forgetting trial.
Results
Baddeley concluded that long term memory is encoded semantically and that the STM is encoded acoustically
