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Ortodoncia > Bad Oral Habits > Flashcards

Bad Oral Habits Flashcards

1
Q

Bad oral habits
Creates malocclusion

A

1.- Thumb sucking
2.- Tongue thrusting
3.- Lip sucking
4.- Nail biting (Onicofagia)
5.- Mouth breather
6.- Bruxism

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2
Q

BOH depends on:

A
  • intensity
  • duration
  • frequency
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3
Q

amount of force that is applied to the teeth while the habit is performed

A

Intensity

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4
Q

means the age at which the child get the habit, and the time spent by the child to do the habit per day (hours/day)

A

Duration

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5
Q

Who produces more changes?
A) a child who sucks intermittently with high intensity
B) a child who sucks continuously (for more than 6 hrs)

A

B) a child who sucks continuously (for more than 6 hrs) can cause more significant dental changes

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6
Q

Hours of force per day enough to cause tooth movement.

A

4-6 hrs

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7
Q

The most important thing to remember before any kind of treatment is that the child must

A

the child must want to discontinue the habit so that the treatment can be successful.

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8
Q

how many times the child do the habit per day

A

Frequency

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9
Q

Each one of bad oral habits would show one or more occlusal problems

A
  • change in the inclination of upper and lower incisors
  • anterior open bite
  • constriction of maxillary arch (with posterior cross bite and/or crowding)
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10
Q

is the placement of the thump or more fingers in the oral cavity with repeated and forceful sucking movements associated with strong buccal and lip contraction

A

Thumb or finger sucking

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11
Q

2 types of thumb sucking

A

Active
Passive

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12
Q

There is a heavy force by the muscles during sucking and if this habit continues for a long period the position of permanent teeth and the shape of mandible will be affected.
95%

A

thumb sucking ACTIVE

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13
Q

The child puts his/her finger in the mouth but there is no force on teeth and mandible so this habit is NOT associated with skeletal changes.

Como común

A

Thumb sucking PASSIVE

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14
Q

Diagnosis
determine the psychological or the causative factor involve

Which are: (6)

A

working mother
feeling lost
rebel
attention seeking
imitation
fear

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15
Q

Thumb sucking extra oral features

A

Digits (fingers): show redness, exceptionally clean, wrinkling, roughened wart, blister or ulceration and rarely deformity
lips: hypotonic upper lip and incompetent lips
facial form: mandible retursion and maxillary protrusion

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16
Q

Thumb sucking intra oral features

A
  • anterior open bite
  • posterior cross bite
  • increased overjet

upper arch: pro lined maxillary incisors with or without diastema, constricted V-shaped arch with more constriction across the canines
lower arch: returned mandibular incisors
inter-arch: reduced overbite, increased over jet (open bite) and posterior cross bite

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17
Q

Treatment thumb sucking must be

A

During the eruption of the permanent incisors

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18
Q

Treatment approaches of sucking habit

A
  • direct interview
  • reward system
  • reminder therapy appliance
  • non appliance reminders
  • appliance reminder therapy
    - removable palatal crib
    - fixed palatal crib
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19
Q

Consists is a simple discussion between the child and the dentist in which they express the concerns and include an explanation by the dentist

A

Direct interview

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20
Q

Appliance reminder therapy for sucking habit

These are passive appliances which are retained in the oral cavity by clasps and an acrylic baseplate with a palatal crib.
A

Removable palatal crib

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21
Q

Appliance reminder therapy for sucking habit

The design consists in bilateral bands placed in the first molars connected to a lingual arch with anterior crib device.

A

Fixed palatal crib

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22
Q

This are for those patients who want to stop the habit but they need the assistance to do it. Usually 6 to 8 weeks of treatment should be enough.
They include:
An adhesive bandage with waterproof tape on the finger that is sucked.
An elastic bandage that is wrapped around the elbow to prevent the arm flex and the fingers from being sucked.
Chemicals with hot flavoring placed on the sucked digits.

A

non-appliance reminder therapy

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23
Q

Time of therapy for sucking

A

6-8 months

  • if the habit reappears, the appliance should be retained for 3 more months to make sure the habit has truly stopped
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24
Q

abnormal tongue function and posture that cause many malocclusions. The effects and management at early stages may be helpful to prevent future severe skeletal malocclusions

A

Tongue thrusting

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25
Q

Is related to the persistence of a wrong childish swallow pattern during childhood and adolescence which produces an open bite and protrusion of the anterior tooth segment

A

Tongue thrusting

26
Q

removing the etiology is the primary and the most important step in the correction of the tongue thrusting habit

A

Tt habit

27
Q

has proposed the following factors that cause the tongue thrusting habit

Who and what factors

A

Fletcher

  • genetic
  • feeding practices
  • infections
28
Q

these are specific anatomic and neuromuscular variations in the orofacial area that can precipitate tongue thrust

A

Genetic

29
Q

long feeding bottle and wrong swallowing pattern can be attributed as one of the etiological factors of tongue thrusting

A

Feeding practices

30
Q

breathing tract infections such as: chronic tonsillitis and allergies can cause a decrease in the amount of in the mouth which brings the tongue thrusting swallow

A

Infections

31
Q

Types of tongue thrusting (5)

A

anterior tongue thrusting
posterior tongue thrusting
both: anterior and posterior tt
lateral tt
unilateral tt

32
Q

Intra oral features of tt

A

anterior open bite
posterior cross bite
simple tt, abnormal tooth contact during the swallowing

33
Q

Extra orals features of tt habit

A

usually have a dolichocephalic face
incompetent lips
speech problems

34
Q

Different treatments for tt

A

Myofunctional therapy
Simple habit control
Habit-breaking app

35
Q

MYOFUNCTIONAL THERAPY FOR TT
the px can be guided to have the correct posture of the tongue during swallowing, by different exercises:

A
  • swallow with the tip of the tongue in the palatal
  • molar tap
  • ABC trace
  • tongue trace
36
Q

Habit breaking appliance for tt

A
  • removable app
  • nance palatal arch app
  • fixed appliances with fixed tongue cribs
37
Q

in about 85% of cases represents an involuntary subconscious adaptation to reduce potency of the nasal airway and mouth breathing is a simply requirement in order to get enough air

A

Mouth breathing

38
Q

3 etiology of MB

A

Obstructive
Habitual
Anatomic

39
Q

complete obstruction of the normal flow of air through the nasal passages

A

Obstructive

40
Q

continuous breathing through the mouth by the habit force

A

Habitual

41
Q

a short upper lip does not allow the correct closure of the lips

A

Anatomic

42
Q

If the patient has an altered breathing pattern; it could change the … and …

A

it could change the posture ol this structures.

And

the balance between the jaw growth and teeth position.

43
Q

Other two consequence of MB

A

Face height would increase leading to adenoid facial appearance.
The posterior teeth would over-erupt and the mandible would rotate down and back leading in an anterior open bile and an increased overjet.

44
Q

Intra oral features MB
5

A

anterior dental protrusion
distal relationship between the mandible and the maxillary
V-shaped maxillary arch and deep palatal vault
anterior open bite
gingivoplastia y enf periodontal

45
Q

Extra oral features
3

A

adenoid long face with increased facial height
incompetent lip posture with short upper lips
narrow external nares

46
Q

With what can we diagnostic MB

A

HC
Allergic rhinitis
Chronic Nasopharyngeal obstruction

47
Q

Treatment for MB

A

Otorhinolaryngology referral

Oral screen

48
Q

almost all px should be referred to the specialist
to check and management nasal airway

A

otorhinolaryngology referral

49
Q

it should be used after the removal of the nasal obstruction.
One of the most effective ways to reestablish nasal breathing Is preventing the access of air through the oral cavity.
It consists of a thin sheet of acrylic extending deep into the vestibular sulcus and the labial & buccal breathing holes can be punch out so that they can allow the entrance of some amount of air Into the mouth.
after 3-6 months of this tx, reduction in the anterior open bite could be seen

A

Oral screen

50
Q

Involves manipulation of the lips and perioral structures there will be a big overjet with the protrusion of the upper anterior teeth and a lingual inclination of the lower anterior teeth followed by a skeletal discrepancy

A

Lip biting

51
Q

Etiology of LB

A

malocclusion ANGLE II div1
habits — transference of the other bad habits such as thumb sucking
emotional stress

52
Q

Children in stressful situations have an increased salivary output this increases the number of swallows and lip seals required and it may become a compulsive activity.

A

Emotional stress

53
Q

Clinical features of LB

A

Maxillary protrusion and lingual inclination of the mandibular incisors
ulcers
lip: redded, irritated and a chapped area below the vermilion border, in some cases it could be chronic herpes infection

54
Q

Treatment of LB

A
  • appliances fixed therapy
    LIP BUMPER
55
Q

is made of stainless steel wire. It is placed on the jaw from the right molar to the left molar. The curve is located more to the gingival margin direction, 3 mm from the labial teeth surface.

The anterior area can be covered by plastic or acrylic which functions are to help the adaptation of lip and cheeks muscles, so the pressure of lip muscle on teeth will decrease.

A

LIP BUMPER

56
Q

Time use for lip bumper

A

It is better used 24 hours within 6 to 18 months period, depending on teeth movement and the treatment.

57
Q

Effect of using lip bumper

A

Is the forward movement of lower incisors and distal movement of molars.

58
Q

Etiology of onychof

A

anxiety, stress, loneliness, imitation of other family member, inactivity, transference from a thumb-sucking habit.

59
Q

Management treatment for NB onico

A

The key to success is the nailbiter’s consent and cooperation.
Nail biting is a habit that cannot be managed without considering some related factors such as co-morbidities precedent and consequences of the behavior.

60
Q

Therapy for NB

A

Variety of reminders and application of chemicals with hot flavored on the nail area.

Ortodoncia (14 decks)

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