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Micro Exam 2 (Shelby) > Bacterial Pneumonias > Flashcards

Bacterial Pneumonias Flashcards

1
Q

Which pneumonia microbe has colonies that require factors from RBCs, but do not have hemolytic properties?

A

Haemophilus influenzae

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2
Q

How does pseudolysins contribute as a virulence factor for strep pneumo

A

Forms transmembrane pores leading to lysis

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3
Q

Smallest living bacteria

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

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4
Q

What are the TWO viruelnce factors of Chlamydophila pneumoniae

A
  1. 2 exotoxins

2. Primary response is neutrophils (no memory!)

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5
Q

How does the capsule contribute as a virulence factor for strep pneumo?

A

Inhibits phagocytosis

Prevents c3b opsonization

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6
Q

Diagnostic test for Klebsiella penumoniae

A

Gram stain

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7
Q

Which pneumonia microbe is virulent in both the capsulated and non-capulated form

A

Haemeophilus influenzae

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8
Q

What would be on a chest x-ray of a patient with pneumonia caused by strep pneumo?

A

Consolidation

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9
Q

How does hydrogen peroxide contribute as a virulence factor to strep pneumo

A

Apoptosis of host cell

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10
Q

What type of sputum is associated with Klebsiella pneumoniae

A

“Currant jelly” sputum

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11
Q

How does IgA protease contribute as a viruelnce factor to Haemophilus influenzae

A

Degrades secretory IgA

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12
Q

What type of people get pneumonia from pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Immunocompromised

Patients in the hospital

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13
Q

What type of sputum is associated with pneumonia caused by strep pneumo?

A

“Rust colored” sputum

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14
Q

How do elastases contribute as viruelnce factors to pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

LasA, LasB degrades elastin

No gas exchange

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15
Q

What are the SEVEN virulence factors of pseudomonas aeruginosa

A
  1. Pyocyanin
  2. Exotoxin A
  3. Elastases
  4. Alginate
  5. Pili
  6. Lipopolysaccharide
  7. Endotoxin
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16
Q

Which penumonia microbe is an obligate intracellular parasite

A

Chlamydophila pneumoniae

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17
Q

How does IgA protease contribute as a virulence factor for strep pneumo?

A

Degrades secretory IgA

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18
Q

What are the TWO virulence factors of Klebsiella pneumoniae

A

Polysaccharide capsule

Adhesins

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19
Q

Chlamydophia pneumoniae
Gram (+/-)?
Shape?
Motile?

A

Gram negative
Coccoid
Non-motile

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20
Q

Chlamydophila pneumoniae diagnostics

A

Culture is time consuming and difficult

Internal “red” staining

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21
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa transmission

A

Fomites
Plants
Fruits
Hands

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22
Q

How does exotoxin A contribute as a virulence factor to pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Inhibits protein synthesis

Ciliastasis

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23
Q

Which pneumonia causing microbe is associated with a thick, slimey capsule

A

Klebsiella penumoniae

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24
Q

What type of people get pneumonia caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae

A

5-20 year olds

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25
Q

Mycoplasma pneumoniae diagnostics

A

Cold agglutinin assay

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26
Q

Diagnostic test for strep pneumo:

A
  1. Green-colored on blood agar
  2. Non-staining capsules
  3. Confirmation = bile solubility test
  4. Quellung reaction to observe capsules
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27
Q

How does being opsonized with c3b contribute as a virulence factor for legionella pneumoniae

A

Facilitates phagocytosis

Facultative parasite lives in cell, releases enzymes and bacteria when upon lysis

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28
Q

Strep pneumo -
Gram (+/-)?
Shape?

A

Gram positive

Diplococcus

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29
Q

How does Alginate contribute as a virulence factor for pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Mucoid polysaccharide/slime layer, inhibits mucociliary escalator, antiphagocytic glycocalyx

30
Q

What would be on a chest x-ray of a patient with pneumonia caused by Klebsiella penimoniae?

A

Cavitation

31
Q

How does peptidoglycan-teicoic acid complex contribute as a virulence factor for strep pneumo

A

Illicits immune response

32
Q

What type of people get pneumonia caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae

A

Alcoholics, diabetics, homeless

33
Q

How does hydrogen peroxide contribute as a virulence factor to mycoplasma pneumoniae

A

Damage to epithelium, colonization of airways

34
Q

How does lipooligosaccharide contribute as a virulence factor to Haemophilus influenzae

A

Loss of cilia, inflammation, sloughing of damaged epithelial cells

35
Q

What type of people get pneumonia from Legionella pneumoniae

A

Immunocompromised

Elderly

36
Q

What would you see on a chest x-ray of a patient with pneumonia caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae?

A

Patchy infiltrates

37
Q

Which pneumonia microbe has the presentation of non-productive cough, malaise, and UNILATERAL lobe?

A

Chlamydophila pneumoniae

38
Q

How do sterols in the plasma membrane contribute as a virulence factor for mycoplasma pneumoniae

A

Fuses to host cell membrane to disguise itslef from immune system

39
Q

Pseudomoas aeruginosa diagnostics

A

Water-soluble blue-green pigment on BAP and MacConkey agar

40
Q

What is unique about ID-Latex Particle Agglutination test? (LAT)

A

Can be done after antibiotic treatment because it relies on antigen

41
Q

Legionella pneumoniae
Gram (+/-)?
Shape?
Motile?

A

Gram negative
Pleomorphic bacillus
Motile!

42
Q

What are the TWO virulence factors of mycoplasma pneumoniae

A
  1. Hydrogen peroxide

2. Sterols in plasma membrane

43
Q

Haemophilus influenzae can be cultured on blood agar only due to the “satellite phenomenon”. What doe they look like on blood agar?

A

Convex, smooth, pale, gray/transparent cultures

44
Q

Pseudomonas aerguinosa
Gram (+/-)?
Shape?
Motile?

A

Gram negative
Bacillus
Motile!

45
Q

How do fimbriae contribute as a virulence factor for Haemophilus influenzae

A

Colonization

46
Q

Chlamydophia pneumoniae transmission

A

Respiratory droplets

47
Q

only the capsulated form is virulent

*pneumonia

A

Strep pneumo

48
Q

Which pneumonia microbe has the presentation of:

Non-productive cough for 1-2 months, headache, crackles

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae, atypical pneumonia

49
Q

What are the 4 virulence factors of Legionella pneumoniae

A
  1. Fimbriae
  2. Single, polar flagellum
  3. B-lactamase producer
  4. Opsonized with C3b
50
Q

How does pyocyanin contribute as a virulence factor to pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Catalizes ROS production

51
Q

Which pneumonia microbe has the presentation of “acute firbopurulent necrotizing penumonia”, large inflammatory response, severe, neurological symptoms

A

Legionella penumoniae

Specifically Legionnaires’

52
Q

How does pili contribute as a virulence factor for strep pneumo

A

Colonization

Production of TNF

53
Q

How do surface proteins contribute as a virulence factor for strep pneumo

A

Choline binding proteins

54
Q

What type of people get penumonia caused by Haemeophilus influenzae

A

Infants get type b

Immunocompromised get the other

55
Q

What are the EIGHT viurlence factors of strep pneumo

A
  1. Capsule
  2. IgA protease
  3. Hydrogen peroxide
  4. Pili
  5. Surface proteins
  6. Peptidoglycan-teicoic acid complex
  7. Pneumolysin
  8. Autolysin
56
Q

What are the FIVE viruelnce factors for Haemophilus influenzae

A
  1. Polyribosylribitol phosphaste (PRP)
  2. Neuramidase
  3. IgA protease
  4. Fimbriae
  5. Lipooligosaccharide
57
Q

How does neuramidase contribute as a virulence factor to Haemophilus influenzae

A

Allows microbe to get deep into tissues

58
Q

How does the polysaccharide capsule contribute as a virulence factor for Klebsiella pneumoniae

A

Prevents MAC-mediated lysis

Prevents phagocytosis

59
Q

Legionella pneumoniae transmission

60
Q

What type of people get pneumonia caused by strep pneumo

A

Children and adults

61
Q

What type of sputum is associated with pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Fluorescent

62
Q

Klebsiella pneumoniae transmission

A

Aspiration

63
Q

How does Polyribosylribitol phosphate (PRP) contribute as a virulence factor to Haemophilus influenzae

A

Inhibits phagocytosis

64
Q

Legionella pneumoniae diagnostics

A

Culture on buffered charcoal yeast extract

65
Q

How does autolysin contribute as a virulence factor for strep pneumo

A

Release of pnemolysin, attempt to dampen host immune repsonse

66
Q

Which pneumonia microbe is associated with direct tissue destruction during replication

A

Chlamydophila pneumoniae

67
Q

Diagnostic test for Haemophilus influenzae

A
  1. ID-Latex Particle Agglutination Test (LAT)
  2. Blood agar only if satiellite phenomenon
  3. Chocolate agar
  4. Gram stain
  5. Serology
68
Q

Klebsiella pneumoniae
Gram (+/-)?
Shape?
Motile?

A

Gram negative
Coccobacillus
Non-motile

69
Q

Strep pneumo transmission

70
Q

What type of people get pneumonia from chlamydophila penumoniae

A

Adults 60 +

71
Q

Mycoplasma pneumoniae transmission

A

Respiratory droplets

Micro Exam 2 (Shelby) (9 decks)

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