Bacterial Metabolism: Catabolism

Question 1

catabolism in microorganisms can
occur in two ways

Answer 1

fermentation or respiration

Question 2

a form of anaerobic metabolism that breaks down carbohydrates

Answer 2

fermentation

Question 3

fermentation is undergone by

Answer 3

sugars, primarily glucose

Question 4

non-glucose sugars must first be converted to glucose via an ____ that rearranges their structures

Answer 4

isomerase enzyme

Question 5

examples of organisms that involve fermentation

5

Answer 5

1. Propionibacterium
2. Aspergillus
3. Saccharomyces
4. Clostridium
5. Acetobacter

Question 6

a nearly universal pathway for the catabolism or breakdown of glucose

Answer 6

Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas Pathway or glycolysis

Question 7

glycolysis comes from the terms

Answer 7

glycan (or sugar) and lysis (or breakdown)

Question 8

a series of reactions in which glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate

Answer 8

glycolysis

Question 9

glycolysis occurs in the

Answer 9

cytoplasm

Question 10

occurs in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle, involves the direct transfer of a high-energy phosphate (Pi) from an organic compound to ADP, forming ATP using energy from coupled reactions

Answer 10

substrate level
phosphorylation

Question 11

glucose is first phosphorylated to form glucose-6-phosphate in this phase

Answer 11

energy investment phase

Question 12

• starts with two glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate molecules which are oxidized to form 1,3-bisphosphoglyceric acid
• there is a removal of an
  electron (oxidation), which is transferred to an electron acceptor, NAD+

Answer 12

energy payoff phase