Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neurology > Bacterial Infxns > Flashcards

Bacterial Infxns Flashcards

1
Q

Infxn list

A
  • Bacterial Meningitis
  • Viral Meningitis
  • Fungal meningitis
  • Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Bacterial meningitis

Where?

A
  • college
  • the Hajj
  • Prisons
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Bacterial Meningitis

Organism

A

Must be encapsulated = invade thru upper airway, survive blood and get into subarachnoid

MC S.pneumonia, N. meningitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Bacterial Meningitis

Patho

A

Parenchyma - edema (inflame + BBB permeability change) = ICP up, lower perfusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q
  • rapidly developing fever
  • stiff neck
  • HA
  • Altered mental status
  • seizures
  • photophobia
  • purpural rash - meningococcemia (rare)

S/S?

A

Bacterial Meningitis

Serious sickness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q
  • febrile/tac
  • septic
  • confused
  • stiff neck(+Kernig’s /+brudzinki’s sign)
  • meningococcemia

Signs?

A

Bacterial Meningitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Bacterial Meningitis

Eval

A

*suspect = START ABX NOW
*draw blood culture
DO NOT WAIT FOR HEAD CT + LP
*CT before LP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Bacterial Meningitis

Labs

A

CMP, Heme 8, coags,

  • Glucose DOWN, Protein UP
  • WBC >5, >1 PMN, >1 eosinophils = CNS infxn
  • traumatic LP = ratio should be 1 WBC:700-1000 RBCs
  • Do not rule out w/ neg Gram stain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Bacterial Meningitis

Tx

A

IV Ceftriaxone + Vanc

Elderly >65 = Ampicillin (listeria)
*IV steroids recommended IN USA (not in HIV/TB risk area)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Bacterial Meningitis

Prognosis

A

1/4 die

1/4 long term health problem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Bacterial Meningitis

Prevention

A

Quadrivalent vacc for all kids (11-12 yr) (16 booster)

Group B vaccine at age 15

HiB + Meningitis helping

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Viral Meningitis

Who?

A

W/ herpes simplex, enteric viruses, coxsackie viruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

*Headache, stiffness, run down w/o high fever FOR SEVERAL DAYS
*diarrhea/pharyngitis/adenopathy, rash
*Kids = confused
Adults less

S/s?

A

Viral Meningitis

*(Bacterial patient dies in 24 hours)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Viral Meningitis

Eval/Treatment

A
  • CT/LP (normal)
  • Neuro s/s NON-FOCAL
  • Hx of HSV? Acyclovir
  • IV vanc-ceph, admit, keep in hospital till cultures come back
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Fungal Meningitis

Path

A
  • Common fungi inhaled
  • lungs to CSF, BBB preventing immune from attacking
  • slow growers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Fungal Meningitis

organisms

A

*crypto

17
Q

S/s can happen for awhile b/f they come
Symptoms wax wane

*HA, Fever, stiffness, nausea,

S/s?

A

Fungal Meningitis

Lowered immune may lower symptoms

18
Q

Fungal Meningitis

Eval

A
  • Serum cryptococcus antigen
  • MRI
  • LP
    • opening pressure UP
    • much CSF in tube 3
    • india ink = cryptococcus
    • protein up
19
Q

Fungal Meningitis

Tx

A
  • Anti-fungal = IV
  • toxicity monitoring (Hepatic)
  • high ICP = shunt (hydrocephalus)
  • Life-time prophylaxis after treatment (fluconazole)
20
Q

Creutzfelt-Jakob disease

Mech

A
  • rare, progressive, fatal dementia
  • cause unknown - beef
  • asymptomatic for years, once s/s appear, a few years left
21
Q

*Neuro abnormals = EVERY AREA

s/s?

A

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease

22
Q

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

Tx

A
  • None

* Supportive/psyc for family

23
Q

Fungal Meningitis

Who?

A

ONLY Immunocompromised

*rhematoid arthritis, organ transplant, HIV W/ LOW CD 4+

24
Q

Bacterial Meningitis

Who?

A
  • crowded dorms/prison/etc.
  • penn/ceftraixone-resistant S.Pneumonia
  • Recent neurosurgery
  • immunocompromised
25
Q

Bacterial meningitis

Organisms cause what s/s?

S. Pneumonia
N. Meningitidis

A

Inflammatory rxn

  • fever
  • meningismus
  • altered mental status
26
Q

Fungal meningitis

Soil
South, C./S. America

A

*Coccidioides

27
Q

Fungal Meningitis

Signs

A
  • Chronically unwell
  • immunosuppression
  • NUCHAL RIGIDITY LESS LIKELY (than bacterial/viral)
28
Q

Fungal meningitis

Soil w/ bird poo

A

*Cryptococcus

29
Q

Fungal meningitis

Bird/bat poo
Midwest

A

*Histoplasma

30
Q

Fungal meningitis

Decaying organic matter in soil
N. Midwest

A

*Blastomyces

31
Q

Chronic Meningitis

worldwide

A

M. Tubercolosis, C. Neoformans

32
Q

Chronic Meningitis

S. Central america

A

Brucella

33
Q

Chronic Meningitis

USA

A

B. Burgdorferi

Neurology (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions