BACTERIAL GENETICS AND PATHOGENESIS Flashcards
Is a double stranded helical chain of nucleotides
DNA
Helix is like a staircase
DNA
Involved in the synthesis of RNA
DNA
Is a single stranded and short, and contains sugar ribose instead of deoxyribose
RNA
the process of heredity and variation
Genetics
the starting point from which all other cellular pathways, functions and structure originate
Genetics
adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine
genetic code
a DNA sequence that encodes for a specific product RNA or protein is define as a :
gene
all genes taken together within an organism compromise a :
genome
genome organized in discreet elements
chromosomes
Bacteria contain a single :
unpaired (haploid) chromosome
The bacterial chromosome contain all genes essential for viability ad exists as a:
double ,stranded, close circular, naked macromolecule
information for protein synthesis is encoded in the _______ and transmitted in The _______ to each generation.
bacterial DNA, chromosome
The general flow of information in bacterial cell is form :
DNA to messenger RNA (mRNA)
Act as blueprint for protein construction
Messenger RNA (mRNA)
the process of encoding information in genetic elements is known :
gene expression
is the duplication of chromosmal DNA for insertion into a daughter cell.
replication
The result from a division of one parent cell and each daughter cell receives the full identical genetic complement contained in the original parent cell
replication
is the synthesis of single stranded RNA using strand of the DNA as template
transcription
It converts the DNA base sequence of a gene into messenger RNA molecule
Transcription
is the enzyme central to the transcription process
RNA polymerase
is the actual synthesis of a specific protein from the mRNA
Translation
the genetic code with mRNA molecules is translated into specific amino acid sequence that is responsible for protein structure and function.
translation
is the change in the original nucleotide sequence of the gene within an organisms genome
mutation
is a method by which genes are transferred or exchanged between homologous regions on two DNA molecules
recombination
it occurs when a portion of the genetic material that originated from one bacteria (cell donor) is transferred into second bacterial cell (recipient)
RecombinATION
involves the uptake of free dna released in the environment when another bacterial cell dies undergo lysis
Transformation
Transfer of bacterial genes by bacteriophage from one cell t another, they become one.
Transduction
donor bacterial strain to recipient strain , occurs cell to cell
conjugation
establish a conjugative bridge that serves as the conduit for DNA transfer from donor to recipient cell,
sex pillus
illness or abnormal condition
pathogenesis
are organism that cause infection or disease
pathogens
pertains to the ability of the pathogenic agent to produce disease in a susceptible individulal
pathogenicity
