Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BMS 100 Test 2 > Bacterial cell structure > Flashcards

Bacterial cell structure Flashcards

1
Q

Name the bacteria:

A

Cocci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name the bacteria:

A

Bacilli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name the bacteria:

A

Coccobacillus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Name the bacteria:

A

Vibrios

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name the bacteria:

A

Spirilla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name the bacteria:

A

Spirochaetes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the binary fission sequence in bacteria?

A

1) Chromosome replication begins
2) Replication continues
3) Replication finishes
4) Two daughter cells result

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is it called when there is only one plane of cell division?

A

Diplococci/streptococci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the structure called when there are two planes of cell division?

A

Tetrade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the structure called when there are three planes of cell division?

A

Sarcinae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the structure called when there are multiple planes of cell division?

A

Staphylococci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

If there is no sticking between bacterial cells what is this called?

A

Monococci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the glycocalyces?

A

“Sugar cup” -surrounds the bacterial cell can be in a capsule form or slime layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the long thin filament that extends outward from the cell?

A

Flagella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How does the flagellated bacteria move?

A

A biased random walk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Name the structure:

-Rod-like extensions
-Rigid
-numerous
-smaller than flagella
-act as “grappling hooks”

A

Fimbriae

17
Q

Name the structure:

-Specialized fimbriae
-How bacteria have sex
-How conjugation happens: sharing genetic information and immunities with other bacteria

A

Pili

18
Q

Name the structure:

-Found on virtually all Bacteria
-Roles include:
protection, attachment to other bacteria, resistance to osmotic forces, give shape to the cell

A

Bacterial Cell wall

19
Q

A polysaccharide comprised of repeating N-acetylglucosamine(NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM)

A

Peptidoglycan

20
Q

Is this picture gram-positive or gram-negative?

A

Gram-negative

21
Q

What is found in the gram-negative cell wall?

A

Lipopolysaccharide (can be very toxic)

22
Q

The most common staining technique in biology; differentiates between gram negative and gram positive:

A

The gram stain

23
Q

A gram-positive cell wall means that the cell wall is thick, there is only one layer, and there is no outer membrane.

A

Gram-positive

24
Q

What is used during the gram stain that causes the crystal violet color from the first step to stick to the cell?

A

Mordant (iodine)

25
Q

During the third step of gram staining what is added and why?

A

ethanol and acetol - to decolorize the stain

Gram-negative stain will be colorless and gram-positive will stay purple.

26
Q

What are you adding during the fourth step of gram staining and what is it’s purpose?

A

Counter stain; safranin
adds a pink color to cell walls

gram-positive will remain purple and gram-negative will become pink from safranin stain

27
Q

Why does the gram stain fail to identify mycobacterium and nocardia bacteria?

A

They have very waxy cell walls that reject the crystal violet stain. (these are gram-positive)

Instead, the acid-fast staining technique is used.

28
Q

What colors are the bacteria when using acid-fast staining?

A

Acid-fast bacteria-pink/red
non-acid-fast: blue

29
Q

What does the bacterial cytosol consist of?

A

ions, carbs, proteins, lipids, waste products

30
Q

Does bacteria contain a nucleoid region?

A

Yes

31
Q

What do inclusions consist of?

A

They are deposits of: lipids, or starch, or phosphorous, or nitrogen, or sulfur-containing compounds.

surrounded by a protein membrane

32
Q

What two bacteria can create endospores?

A

Bacillus and Clostridium

33
Q

What is the purpose of the endospore form?

A

It’s a type of “hibernating” resistant form which allows the bacteria to survive in unfavorable conditions.

resistant to drying, heat, radiation, lethal chemicals

BMS 100 Test 2 (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions