Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Derm > Bacterial and viral infections > Flashcards

Bacterial and viral infections Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What is commensal bacteria?

A

Bacteria present on skin but not causing disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are some examples of commensal bacteria?

A

Staphylococci MicrococciCorynebacteria Propionibacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Does staph aureus cause disease?

A

ALWAYS regarded as pathogenic May be commensal Disease associated with direct invasion of epidermis, hair follicle or production of toxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Does streptococcal infection causes disease?

A

Always pathogenic Acute onset and rapid spreadSimilar disease to staph May co-infect with staph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the six main types of bacteria which cause clinical skin infection

A

staphylococcistreptococcipseudomonas aeruginosacorynebacteriummycobacterium and atypical mycobacteria spirochetes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are different skin conditions caused by PRIMARY infection with staph. aureus?

A

impetigo ecthyma folliculitisfuruncle carbuncle cellulitis sycosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are different skin conditions caused by SECONDARY infection with staph. aureus?

A

infected atopic eczema infected wounds infected leg ulcers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What investigations should be carried out in suspected staph infection?

A

skin swabs blood cultures - normally only positive in severe sepsis due to s.aureus septicaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How should S.Aureus infection be treated topically?

A

mupirocinfuscidic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How should S.Aureus infection be treated orally/IV?

A

flucloxacillin oral/ivoral erythromycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What disease are due to PRIMARY infection from group A streptococci?

A

cellulitis erysipelas perianal cellulitis necrotising fascitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What disease are due to SECONDARY infection from group A streptococci?

A

infected atopic eczema leg ulcers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What disease due to Group A Streptococcal toxins?

A

Scarlet fever and rarely Toxic-Shock-Like-Syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What diseases due to allergic hypersensitivty to Group A streptococcal toxins?

A

erythema nodosum erythema multiformevasculitis glomerulonephritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How should strep be treated?

A

topical antibiotics not recommended oral amoxycillin/penicillin/erythromycin IV benzylpenicillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When pseudomonas considered pathogenic?

A

only considered pathogenic when skin is damaged

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What skin disease are caused with pseudo mans aeruginosa infection?

A

secondary colonisation and infection of leg ulcers or burnspseudomonal paronychia +/- infection of toe web spaces gram negative folliculitis

18
Q

What is the topical treatment for pseudomonas?

A

flamazine (silver sulphadiazine), 1% acetic acid soaks

19
Q

What is the oral treatment for pseudomonas?

A

ciprofloxacin

20
Q

How does corynebacterium infection cause disease?

A

erythrasma pitted keratolysis

21
Q

What sort of diseases are caused by mycobacteria and atypical mycobacterial?

A

cutaneous tuberculosis - lupus vulgaris mycobacterium leprae - leprosy atypical mycobacterium barium - fish tank granuloma

22
Q

What are the spirochaete infections?

A

syphilis lyme disease

23
Q

What are the clinical signs of impetigo?

A

isolated skin lesions with yellow-crusted surface often located around the mouth, nose, limbs

24
Q

What is the treatment for impetigo?

A

topical mupirocin is only partially and oral flucloxacillin should be prescribed

25
Q

What are the different types of viral wart?

A

plantar warts common warts plane wartsfiliform wartsmosaic wartsanogenital warts

26
Q

What is the prognosis and treatment of viral warts?

A

most spontaneously resolve other treatment options include topical paints cryotherapy curettage and cautery formalin soaks and podophyllin warts shouldnt be excised as they often recur

27
Q

What are the clinical presentations of Herpes Simplex Virus?

A

Cold sores Genital herpes

28
Q

How do cold sores present?

A

commonly affect the vermillion border of the lip start with pain and tingling and then erupt primary incubation period is 5 days

29
Q

How do genital herpes present?

A

first attack is most severe with significant pain, discomfort and vesiculation occurring after prodromal pain and tingling recurrence likely

30
Q

What are the potential complications of herpes infection?

A

herpes gingivostomatitis keratoconjunctivitis bells palsy eczema herpeticum erythema multiformeDissemiated HSV

31
Q

How should cold sores be treated?

A

topical acyclovir rarely systemic treatment

32
Q

How should genital herpes be treated?

A

oral acyclovir for a minimum of 5 days

33
Q

How does varicella-zoster virus present?

A

Chicken pox Shingles

34
Q

How does chicken pox present?

A

children develop headache, fever, malaise for 24-48 hours followed by onset of vesicles on trunk, face or scalp

35
Q

What are the complications of chicken pox?

A

Pregnancy - in first 20 weeks there is 2% risk of foetal damage Pneumonia Hepatitis Encephalitis Disseminated infection

36
Q

What is the treatment for chicken pox?

A

Adults, immunocompromised or patients on prednisone require oral aciclovir for 5-7 days

37
Q

How does shingles present?

A

pain and tingling for 24-48 hours precede a dermatomal eruption of vesicles

38
Q

What are the complications of shingles?

A

Post-herpetic neuralgia - persistent for more than 3 months Secondary infection Motor nerve palsy - facial (facial palsy, ear pain) or vestibulocochlear nerve (sensor neural deafness, dizziness, vertigo) Eye complications - conjunctivitis, ileitis Encephalitis and meningoencephalitis

39
Q

What is ORF?

A

caused by paradox virus and widespread in lambs/goats

40
Q

How does ORF present?

A

usually seen in farmers, vets or those who have come into contact with affected animals initial incubation is 5-6 dayssmall reddish purple papule on finger which blister

41
Q

How is ORF treated?

A

Usually self limiting but secondary infection might require oral fluconazole

42
Q

How does Human Papilloma Virus present?

A

Viral warts

Derm (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions