bacteria and viruses

Question 1

Prokaryote

Answer 1

an organism that consists of a single cell that does not have a nucleus.

Question 2

Bacilli

Answer 2

is a rod shaped. They have a large surface area, which helps them take in nutrients. But a large surface area can cause them to dry out easily.

Question 3

Cocci

Answer 3

are spherical, they do not dry out as quickly as rod-shaped bacteria.

Question 4

Spirilla

Answer 4

are long and spiral shaped, they use flagella at both ends to move like a corkscrew.

Question 5

binary fission

Answer 5

a form of asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms by which one cell divides into two cells of the same size.

Question 6

endospore

Answer 6

a thick-walled protective spore that forms inside a bacterial cell and resists harsh conditions.

Question 7

Nitrogen fixation

Answer 7

is a process by which nitrogen in the Earth’s atmosphere.

Question 8

bioremediation

Answer 8

the biological treatment of hazardous waste by living organisms.

Question 9

Antibiootic

Answer 9

medicine used to kill bacteria and other microorganisms.

Question 10

pathogenic bacteria

Answer 10

bacteria that cause disease.

Question 11

virus

Answer 11

a microscopic particle that gets inside a cell and often destroys the cell.

Question 12

host

Answer 12

an organism from which a parasite takes food or shelter.