Bacteria and Archaea Cell Structures III Flashcards
Capsules and slime layers are materials lying outside what cell structure? They are typically composed of ___, and are referred to as ___
cell wall
polysaccharides
glycocalyx (sugar cell)
What is the main difference between capsules and slime layers?
Capsules = well organized and not easily removed
Slime layers = unorganized and easily removed
S-layers are commonly found among what type of organism? They are (structured/unstructured) and are composed of what kind of protein?
Archaea
Structured
Glycoprotein (proteins that modify with different sugars)
What is the main difference between S-layers vs. Slime layers and Capsules?
S-layers = glycoproteins
Capsules and Slime layers = polysaccarides
What do S-layer, Slime layers, and Capsules all function as?
protection from host defenses and harsh environments
FtsZ
- equivalence
- required
- localizes
- filament
Equivalent to tubulin
- Required for cell division
- Localizes to the center of the cell
- Circular filament
MreB
- equivalence
- shape
- not present
- present
Equivalent to actin
- helix under the plasma membrane
- not present in Archaea
- present in rod shaped cells
Crescentin
- equivalence
- present
Equivalent to intermediate filament
- present in vibrioid shaped cells
Flagella structure has how many different parts, and what are they?
3
- filament
- hook
- basal body
Pili take part in the mechanism for what type of transfer?
DNA transfer
Chemotaxis attractant is (+ or -)? What are the growth characteristics for: - chemotactic motile - nonchemotactic motile - non motile
positive
- most growth
- intermediate growth
- least growth
Chemotaxis repellent is (+ or -)?
- what happens to the bacteria?
negative
- bacteria moves away from repellent
What is the organic inclusion body?
Glycogen
What is the inorganic inclusion body?
Magneotosome (particles of iron oxide and iron sulfate)
Inclusion bodies can be enclosed by a shell that is typically not what kind of layer?
lipid bilayer
