Bacteria Flashcards
Archaebacteria
Found in extreme habitats where little else can survive
Eubacteria
Found more commonly and divided into many groups
- Heterotrophs
- Saprobes
- Photosynthetic Autotrophs
- Chemosynthetic Autotrophs
Monera
a kingdom that contains unicellular organisms without a nucleus, such as bacteria
Prokaryotic
Unicellular and lacking a nucleus
Heterotrophic
Live as parasites and absorb nutrients from living organisms
Autotrophic
Self-sustaining or self-nourishing organisms (e.g. green plants, algae, and certain bacteria) that have the ability to synthesize their own food from inorganic materials
Photosynthetic Autotrophs
Commonly called blue-green bacteria, these organisms trap sunlight and perform photosynthesis
Chemosynthetic Autotrophs
Breakdown inorganic substances such as sulfur and nitrogen compounds
Saprophytic
Feed on dead organisms or organic wastes
Coccus, Spirillium, Bacillus
Round in shape, Spiral in shape, Rod-shaped in short chains
Diplo, Staphylo, Strepto
Cells are paired, Grape-like clusters, Long chains
Capsule
Allows bacteria to survive in harsh environments such as the human body
Cell Wall
surrounds the plasma membrane, prevents osmotic rupture
Flagellum
whip-like tail used for movement
Pilus
A pilus is a hairlike appendage found on the surface of many bacteria, a conjugation tube
Endospores
Contain a hard outer covering and are resistant to drying out, boiling, and many chemicals. allows bacteria to “wait out” unfavorable conditions and begin growing again when timing is better
Obligate Aerobes
Require oxygen to survive
Obligate Anaerobes
Can NOT use oxygen to survive
Botulism
Caused by bacteria found in canned food
Tetanus
bacteria found on the surface of objects causing neurological, often fatal, disease upon entering body from wound
Binary fission
- Bacteria first copies its one chromosome
- Copy attaches to plasma membrane
- Two copies
- Cell divides into two and partition forms between
Antibiotics
an agent that inhibits bacterial growth or kills bacteria
Conjugation
- Simple form of sexual reproduction
2. One bacterium transfers part or all of its chromosomes to another bacteria through a conjugation tube called a pilus
Tuberculosis, pneumonia, salmonella, Lyme disease, strep throat, staph infections
BACTERIAL!!
MRSA
skin-to-skin contact
Peptidoglycan
Forms the cell wall
Pathogen
A microorganism that causes disease in a host
Vaccine
a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease
Gram Positive
Purple stain
Gram Negative
Pink stain
