Bacteria

Question 1

General syndromes associated with salmonellosis

Answer 1

Enterocolitis
Sepsis
Abortion

Question 2

Host adapted serotype and species affected

Answer 2

S. Dublin-cattle
S. Cholerasuis-swine

Question 3

What enhances S. Cholerasuis infection?

Answer 3

Cholerasuis

Question 3

Non host adapted serotype and species affected

Answer 3

S. Typhimurium - most species

Question 4

Extent of organism infiltration in localized enterocolitis

Answer 4

Mucosa (intracellular in macs) and lymph nodes

Question 5

Virulence factor responsible for invasion; location in GI

Answer 5

Type III secretion system; ileum

Question 6

Characteristic feature of salmonella

Answer 6

Flagella allow motility

Question 7

Feature of salmonella that allows for adherence

Answer 7

Fimbriae

Question 8

How does salmonella irreversibly adhere to enterocytes?

Answer 8

Receptor mediated endocytosis

Question 9

Ultrastructural changes with salmonellosis

Answer 9

Large numbers of organisms in the lumen, along the surface of the brush border, and in enterocytes
Microvilli degeneration-loss of filamentous cores

Question 10

Intracellular location of Salmonella; what cells are not infected?

Answer 10

Within membrane bound vacuoles in enterocytes, and macrophages in the lamina propria; crypt epithelium

Question 11

What is the lipopolysaccharide wall composed of in salmonella?

Answer 11

O-specific side chain, a core portion, and a lipid A portion (endotoxin)

Question 12

Cause of diarrhea in salmonella

Answer 12

Active electrolyte secretion- Effector proteins from SPI1 induce secretory diarrhea by blocking chloride channel closure
Malabsorption due to reduced mucosal surface area
Inflammatory exudation (pseudo membrane)

Question 13

Cause of enterocyte loss in salmonella

Answer 13

Invasion with bacteria and neutrophil recruitment

Question 14

Common vascular lesion in salmonella

Answer 14

Mucosal venule thrombosis due to endotoxin

Question 15

Salmonella causes in pigs

Answer 15

Sepsis or enteritis with button ulcers- cholerasuis
Acute or chronic enterocolitis- typhimurium
Ulcerative enterocolitis- typhisuis

Question 16

How is s typhimurium different from cholerasuis

Answer 16

Lesions are confined to colon, cecum, rectum
No button ulcers
No sepsis
Ulcerative proctitis and rectal stricture

Question 17

Horses are predisposed to salmonella if

Answer 17

Antibiotic therapy

Question 18

Most common salmonella serotype in horses; disease caused

Answer 18

S. Typhimurium;
Peracute sepsis- foals
Acute and chronic enteric- older horses, cecum and colon, button ulcers

Question 19

Two most common salmonella serotype in cattle

Answer 19

S. Typhimurium and S. Dublin

Question 20

Emerging salmonella in cattle

Answer 20

S. Newport

Question 21

If an affected cow is less than 1 week, its probably not salmonella, its __________

Answer 21

Colibacillosis

Question 22

Salmonellosis in calves vs adults

Answer 22

Calves- febrile, dehydration, diarrhea
Adults- chronic diarrhea and wasting

Question 23

Which serotype causes abortions and prolonged carrier state in cattle?

Answer 23

S. Dublin

Question 24

In which species is salmonellosis rare, but severe

Answer 24

Sheep