Bacteria

Question 1

what kingdom?

Answer 1

monera

Question 2

how classified and types?

Answer 2

method of energy obtainment
1. photosynthetic- use sun radiant energy
2. chemosynthetic- break down chemical compounds to obtain energy
3.heterotropic-
saprophytic- feed of dead organic matter
parasitic- feed of living organism
mutualistic- obtain energy from another organism and benefit it too- E.coli in humans get food from digested food and release vitamin for human

Question 3

structure of bacteria?(7)
and shapes

Answer 3

slime capsule- protect from desiccation and harmful substances
cell wall- protection (carb-lipid- protein)
cell membrane- contain cytoplasm
cytoplasm- no membrane bound organelles, consist of ribosomes
ribosome- protein synthesis
nucleoid- concentration of DNA
cilia/ flagellum- outgrowths for locomotion and movement

Question 4

TB bacteria? and how it spreads

Answer 4

mycobacterium tuberculosis
respiratory droplets- reproduce in lungs and move to kidneys and CNS

Question 5

symptoms, test, treatments and prevention of TB?

Answer 5

symptoms: fever, chest pain, sweating, blood cough

test: xray lungs
tuberculin injected in lower arm and rash shows TB
phlegm tested in lab

treatments: DOTS (directly observed) for 6 months. if dont finish tb will become resistant

prevention: BCG vaccine at birth
educate about hygiene
healthy diet

Question 6

how does MDR TB work

Answer 6

when treatment is not completed the weaker bacteria was killed by initial treatment and stronger bacteria, through natural selection, survive and are given time to adapt and evolve to resist the drugs. they are now drug resistant.

Question 7

Biological importance’s of bacteria

Answer 7

1. photo synthetic and chemosynthetic can be producers in food chains and balance CO2 and O2 in atmosphere
2. saprophytic are decomposers to recycle nutrients .

Question 8

Nitrogen cycle?

Answer 8

Free nitrogen cannot be absorbed by plants. It is charged by lightning and through the process of nitrogen fixation and nitrogen fixing bacteria it turns to nitrates and assimilates in the soil where it can be absorbed by plants. animals eat plants. their excretion is decomposed by decomposition bacteria and their carcass and protein is also decomposed by decomposition bacteria to turn into ammonia which turns into nitrates through nitrifying bacteria. this can either be used again by plants or returned to atmosphere through denitrifying bacteria. Therefore play role in recycling nitrogen for plants.

Question 9

bacteria characteristics

Answer 9

• unicellular
• some pathogens
  -reproduce asexually through binary fission