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BACTE > BACTE HISTORY > Flashcards

BACTE HISTORY Flashcards

1
Q

– 1st True microbiologist

A

Anton Van Leuuwonhoek

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2
Q

FATHER of Protozoology/ Bacteriology + observe/describe mx accurately

A

Anton Van Leuuwonhoek

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3
Q

— discovered animalcules

A

Anton Van Leuuwonhoek

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4
Q

— self-made single lens microscope w/ 50-300x magnification.

A

Anton Van Leuuwonhoek

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5
Q

They suggested that disease was caused by “Invisible living creature“

A

Roman Philosopher Lucretius/ Girolamo Fracastoro

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6
Q

Earliest microscopic observations on bees & weevils, supplied by Galileo.

A

Francisco Stelluti

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7
Q

Life arose from non-living matter

A

Spontaneous generation

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8
Q

proposed that simpler vertebrates can arise in spontaneous generation.

A

Aristotle

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9
Q

maggots do not arise spontaneously from decaying meat

A

Francesco Redi

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10
Q

— boiled mutton broth eventually became cloudy with Mx after pouring it into a flask and sealed tightly

A

John Needham

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11
Q

— organic matter possessed a “vital force“ that could give rise to life.

A

John Needham

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12
Q

protects the broth so there’s no growth.

A

Sealed

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13
Q

Boiled the sealed glass flasks that contained water and seeds → remained clear, spontaneous growth

A

Lazarro Spallanzani

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14
Q

challenged the spontaneous generation with the concept of “BIOGENESIS“

A

Rudolf Virchow

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15
Q

— dust carry germs which contaminates sterile broth

A

John Tyndall

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16
Q

–- Invented “Tyndallization” : sterilization form for 3 consecutive days

A

John Tyndall

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17
Q

steam as moist heat for a certain temperature for sterilization.

A

John Tyndall

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18
Q

— Importance of O2 to life.

A

Antoine Laurent Lavoiser

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19
Q

—no growth occurred in a flask containing nutrient solution after allowing air to pass through a red-hot tube.

A

Theodore Schwann

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20
Q

— no growth occurred after allowing air to pass through sterile cotton wool placed in a flask of heat-sterilized medium.

A

Goerg Friedrich Schrodder/
Theodore Von Dusch

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21
Q

observed that upon application of heat, there will be no presence of growth in bacteria → heat = killing & sterilizing agent.

A

George Friedrich Schrodder/ Theodore Von Dusch

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22
Q

— resolved the issue of spontaneous generation

A

Louis Pasteur

23
Q

— Mx are present in the air → air itself does not create microbes

A

Louis Pasteur

24
Q

— microbial life can be destroyed by heat [basis of the aseptic technique].

A

Louis pasteur

25
Q

LOUIS PASTEUR
— microorganisms can be present in non-living matter -__________
— evidence that microorganisms cannot Xoriginate from nonliving materials’ _________

A

fomites

mystical forces

26
Q

— yeast cells → responsible for the conversion of sugars to alcohol,

  • Air is present
A

Theodore Schwann

27
Q

Theodore Schwann
proposed that fermentation → not due to Mx but to a ________.

A

chemical instability that converted sugars to alcohol

28
Q

–- “yeast” converts sugar to alcohol in the absence of air (fermentation)

A

Louis Pasteur

29
Q

–- In the presence of air, bacteria change the alcohol in the beverage into ___________.

A

Louis Pacteur

vinegar [acetic acid]

30
Q
  • Created a porcelain bacterial filter [1884] and developed Anthrax vaccine together with Pasteur.
A

Charles Chamberland

31
Q

Mx might cause the disease

A

THE GERM THEORY OF DISEASE

32
Q

— study of antisepsis and develop the antiseptic system of surgery

A

Joseph Lister

33
Q
  • Surgery main contribution: phenol as a type of wound sterilizer or an aseptic technique in the wound.
A

Joseph Lister

34
Q

__________________
– FIRST proof that bacteria indeed cause diseases
— _____________, causative agent of Anthrax
— _____________, the causative agent of Tuberculosis

A

Robert koch

Bacillus Anthracis
Mycobacterium Tubercolusis

35
Q

— FIRST to culture bacteria on [4]

A

boiled potatoes
gelatin
used meat extracts
protein digests

36
Q

— CULTURE MEDIA for observing growth of bacteria isolated from body.

A

Robert Koch

37
Q

KOCH’S POSTULATES:
1. Mx: [+] _______ but [-] ___________.
2. Suspected Mx must be [action] + grown in a __________.
3. [Same/Different disease] must result when the isolated microorganisms is inoculated into healthy host and from the diseased host.

A

disease
healthy organisms

pure culture

same disease

38
Q

Whose postulates are these?

  1. Mx: [+] disease but [-] healthy organisms.
  2. Suspected Mx must be isolated + grown in a pure culture.
  3. Same disease must result when the isolated microorganisms is inoculated into healthy host and from the diseased host.
A

Robert Koch

39
Q

COLLABORATION OF KOCH:
1. _____________: use of agar as a solidifying agent
2. Richard Petri - developed the petri dish [plate]
3. Martinus Beijernick / Sergie Winogradsky - developed the enrichment-culture technique and the use of selective media.

A
  1. Fannie Eilshemius Hesse
  2. Richard petri
  3. Martinus Beijernick/ Sergie Winogradsky
40
Q

— Experimented: Small pox prevention.
— collected scrapings from cowpox blisters and inoculated a healthy volunteer w/ the cowpox material by scratching the person’s arm w/ a pox-contaminated needle.

A

Edward Jenner

41
Q

Pasteur: term “vaccine”
- attenuated culture [Latin: “vacca” – cow]
- for culture of avirulent Mx use for preventive inoculation

A

Louis Pasteur

42
Q

Pasteur and _______: Attenuated strains of bacteria.

A

Pierre Paul Emil Roax

43
Q
  • antitoxins for diphtheria and tetanus.
A

Emil Von Behring

44
Q

salvarsan [arsphenamine] for treatment of syphilis.

A

Paul Ehrlich

45
Q

PENICILLIN [Penicillium notatum]

-______________
Accidentally discovered it.

  • _____________
    its purification process
A

Alexander Fleming

Howard Florey/Ernst Chain

46
Q

An Ilonggo physician discovered the antibiotic erythromycin in soils samples he obtained but never got the credit and compensation he truly deserved.

A

Dr. Abelardo B. Aguilar

47
Q

Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, physician who formalised binomial nomenclature

A

Carl Linnaeus

48
Q

Carl Linnaeus other name

A

Carl von Linne

49
Q

– FATHER OF MODERN TAXONOMY

A

Carl Linnaeus

50
Q

People under spontaneous generation

A

Aristotle
Francisco Redi
John Needham
Lazara Spallanzani

51
Q

People under Biogenesis

A

John Tyndall
Theodore Schwann
George Friedrich Schrodder/ Theodore Von Dusch
Louis Pasteur

52
Q

People under Fermentation/Pasteurization

A

Theodore Schwann
Louis Pasteur
Charles Chamberland

53
Q

People under Germ Theory of Disease

A

Joseph Lister
Robert koch
+Fannie Eilshemius Hesse
+ Richard Petri
+ Martinus Beijernick/ Segie Winogradsky

54
Q
A

BACTE (3 decks)

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