background of theory

Question 1

definition of a theory

Answer 1

a set of interrelated propositions designed to explain a particular phenomenon

Question 2

what is the purpose of a theory

Answer 2

-to classify and organize observations of the world
-to provide patterns to interpret data
-to help simplify complex observations
-to predict future events, explain past events, and help control events
-to help us understand why and how events should occur

Question 3

criteria for a good theory

Answer 3

• logical consistency
• empirical validity
• prediction
• testable
• parsimonious
• broad in scope
• policy-relevant
• puzzles
• sentimental relevance

Question 4

key assumptions of human nature

Answer 4

hobbes- people are inherently selfish and must be restrained from selfish desires
rousseau- people are inherently social and are pushed into crime
locke- people are “blank slates” and learn to be both criminal and noncriminal

Question 5

why are assumptions of human nature important

Answer 5

they help provide basis for criminological theories and direct theories in a manner consistent with the assumption, for example if one were to believe that people are inherently selfish, they might opt to believe deterrence theories of crime, which look to restrain the natural hedonistic tendencies of humans.