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Anatomy > Back muscles > Flashcards

Back muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Upper trapezius

A

Origin- Medial part of superior nuchal line, nuchal ligament, C7 spinous process

Insertion- Lateral 1/3 of clavicle

Function- elevate scapula
with fixed insertion: rotation of head to opposite side, capital extension, cervical extension

Innervation- Accessory Nerve (cranial nerve 11)

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2
Q

Middle trapezius

A

Origin- T1 - T5 spinous processes & supraspinous ligaments

Insertion - spine of scapula

Function- Scapular adduction

Innervation- Accessory Nerve (cranial nerve 11)

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3
Q

Lower Trapezius

A

Origin- T6-T12 spinous process & supraspinous ligaments

Insertion- Spine of scapula

Function- Scapular adduction, depress scapula, upward rotation of scapula

Innervation- C3-C4 (ventral rami)

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4
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

A

Origin- T7-T12 spinus processes, thoracolumbar fascia, crest of ilium, slips for lower 3-4 ribs, inferior angle of scapula

Insertion- Bicipital groove (twists upward)

Function- overhead activity, assists in expiration

Innervation- C6-C8 thoracodorsal nerve (ventral rami)

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5
Q

Levatore Scapulae

A

Origin- C1-C4 transverse processes and posterior tubercles

Insertion- Medial border of scapula (above spine), superior angle of scapula

Function- adducts, elevates & downwardly rotates scapula. Cervical extension, cervical rotation to same side, lateral bending of cervical spine to same side.

Innervation- C3-C4 ventral rami, C5 dorsal scapular nerve (brachial plexus

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6
Q

Rhomboid Major

A

Origin- T2-T5 spinous processes, supraspinous ligament

Insertion- Medial border of scapula below spine to inferior angle

Function- adduct, elevate & downwardly rotate scapula

Innervation- C5 dorsal scapular nerve

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7
Q

Rhomboid Minor

A

Origin- C7-T1 spinous processes & supraspinus ligament

Insertion-Medial border of scapula at level of spine

Function- adduction, elevation and downwardly rotation of scapula

Innervation- C5 dorsal scapular nerve

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8
Q

Serratus Posterior Superior

A

Origin- C7-T3 spinous processes

Insertion- Upper borders of ribs 2-5

Function- Elevation of ribs during inspiration

Innervation- T2-T5 spinal nerves (ventral rami)

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9
Q

Serratus Posterior Inferior

A

Origin- T11-L2 spinous processes

Insertion- Lower border of lower ribs 9-12

Function- Depress ribs during inspiration

Innervation- T9 - T12 ventral rami

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10
Q

Splenius Capitis

A

Origin- Lower 1/2 of ligamentum nuchae

Insertion- mastoid process of temporal bone deep to the sternocleidomastoid, lateral 1/3 of superior nuchal line

Function- capital extension, lateral bending of head to same side, rotation of head to same side

Innervation- C3-C6 (dorsal rami), C1 - suboccipital nerve (dr), C2- greater occipital nerve (dr)

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11
Q

Splenius cervicis

A

Origin- T3-T6 spinous processes

Insertion- C1-C3 transverse processes and posterior tubercles

Function- rotation of cervical vertebrae to same side, lateral bend of cerv vert to same side, cervical extension

Innervation- C4-C8 (dr)

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12
Q

Iliocostalis lumborum

A

Origin- off common origin for erector spinae group – iliac crest, spinous processes of sacrum, lumbar vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia

Insertion- L1-L5 transverse processes, ribs 5/6 - 12

Function- extend spine, maintain posture, lateral bending to same side, depression of ribs in forced expiration, fixed to pelvis for elevation

Innervation- L1-L5 dorsal rami

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13
Q

Iliocostalis thoracis

A

Origin- 7-12 ribs

Insertion- 1-6 ribs, C7 transverse process

Function- extend spine, lateral bending to same side, elevate pelvis

Innervation- T1-T12 dorsal rami

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14
Q

Iliocostalis Cervicis

A

Origin- Ribs 3-6

Insertion- C4-C6 transverse processes, (posterior tubercle on transverse processes)

Function- extension of cervical spine, lateral bending of cerv spine to same side, depress ribs

Innervation- C4-T3 spinal nerves (dr)

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15
Q

Longissimus thoracis

A

Origin- common origin of erector spinae muscles- iliac crest, spinous processes of sacrum, lumbar vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia

Insertion- T1-T12 transverse processes, ribs 2-12

Function- extend spine, lateral bending to same side, depression of ribs during forced inspiration

Innervation- T1-L1 dorsal rami

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16
Q

Longissimus cervicis

A

Origin- T1-T5 transverse processes

Insertion- C2-C6 posterior tubercles of transverse processes

Function- extension of cervical spine, lateral bending of cervical spine to same side

Innervation- C3-T3 dorsal rami

17
Q

Longissimus capitis

A

Origin- C4-T4 transverse processes

Insertion- Mastoid process of temporal bone

Function- capital extension, lateral bending to same side, rotation of head to same side

Innervation- C3-C8 dorsal rami

18
Q

Spinalis thoracis

A

Origin- T11-L2 spinous processes

Insertion- T1-T4 spinous processes

Function- Extend thoracic spine

Innervation- T1-T2 dorsal rami

19
Q

Spinalisis cervicis

A

Origin- C6-C7 spinous processes, ligamentum nuchae

Insertion- axis, C2-C3 spinous processes

Function- cervical extension

Innervation- C3-C8 dorsal rami

20
Q

Spinalis capitis

A

Origin- C5-T3 spinous processes

Insertion- occiput

Function- capital extension

Innervation-C3-T1 dorsal rami

21
Q

Semispinalis thoracis

A

Origin- T6-T10 trans processes

Insertion- C6-T4 spinous processes

Function- Extension of thoracic spine

Innervation- T1-T12

22
Q

Semispinalis cervicis

A

Origin- T1-T5 transverse processes

Insertion- C2-C5 spinous processes

Function- extension of cervical spine, rotation of cervical spine to opposite side, lateral bending of spine to the same side

Innervation- T1-T12 dorsal rami

23
Q

Semispinalis capitis

A

Origin- C7-T6 transverse processes, C4-C6 superior articular processes

Insertion- Occiput

Function- capital extension, rotation of head to opposite side, lateral bending to same side

Innervation- C2-T1 (DR)

24
Q

Multifidus

A

Origin- thoracolumbar fascia, sacrum, aponeurosis of erector spinae posterior superior iliac spine, sacroiliac ligament, L1-L5 mamillary processes on articular facets, T1-T12 trans processes, C4-C7 cerv articular processes.

Insertion- Higher spinous processes

Function- extending spine to same side, rotation of spine to opposite side, lateral bending of spine

Innervation- all spinal nerves (DR) BECAUSE THIS RUNS UP THE ENTIRE SPINE

25
Q

Rotatores brevis & longus

A

Origin- transverse processes (c-spine to l-spine)

Insertion- superior spinous processes (longus- processes of 2nd vertebrae above) (brevis- processes of next vert above)

Function- Extend spine, rotate spine in opposite direction

Innervation- C3-L5 dorsal rami

26
Q

Interspinales

A

Connect spinous processes

Extend & rotate the vertebrae column, stabilize vertebrae

27
Q

Intertransversarii

A

connect transverse processes, lateral flex of vertebral column

28
Q

levatores costarum

A

transverse processes to rib tubercles

elevates ribs – assists w/ lateral flexion & respiration

29
Q

rectus capitis posterior major

A

Origin- spinous processes of axis

Insertion- lateral part of inferior nuchal line —> into occiput lateral to RCPMinor

Function- capital extension, rotation of head to same side, lateral bending of head to same side

Innervation- C1- suboccipital nerve dorsal rami

30
Q

Rectus capitis posterior minor

A

Origin- tubercle on posterior arch of atlas

Insertion- medial portion of inferior nuchal line and medial to RCPMajor

Function- capital extension

Innervation- C1 suboccipital nerve (DR)

31
Q

Obliquus capitis superior

A

Origin- transverse process of atlas

Insertion- occiput between superior and inferior nuchal lines

Function- capital extension, lateral bending of head to same side

Innervation- C1 suboccipital nerve (DR)

32
Q

Obliquus capitus inferior

A

Origin-apex of spinous process of axis

Insertion- transverse process of atlas

Function- rotation of head to same side, lateral bending of head

Innervation- C1 - suboccipital nerve dorsal rami

Anatomy (6 decks)

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