Back and Abdomen

Question 1

Atlis and Axis

Answer 1

Question 2

rib attachment for thoracic vertebrae

Answer 2

Question 3

zygapophyseal joints

Answer 3

• aka facet joints, are synovial gliding joints
• 2 on each vertebrae (right and left articulations)
• protects from anterior shear forces, excessive rotation and flexion
• little influence on the range of side bending (lateral flexion)

Question 4

multifidus

Answer 4

• insertion is 2-4 vertebrae superior to origin
• another origin is the sacrum

Question 5

facets on thoracic vertebrae

Answer 5

Question 6

structures of the lumbar vertebrae

Answer 6

Question 7

transverse abdominus

Answer 7

Question 8

abdominal muscles (superficial to deep)

Answer 8

Question 9

rectus abdominis

Answer 9

Question 10

spinal canal

Answer 10

Question 11

spinal disc

Answer 11

Question 12

basic vertebral structure (recognize for each section of vertibrae)

Answer 12

Question 13

external oblique

Answer 13

• rotates torso on opposite side

Question 14

erector spinae

Answer 14

function: extends vertebral column
iliocostalis: origin (sacrum, illiac crest) , insertion (angles of ribs, tansverse process of C4-C6)
longissimus: origin (sacrum, spinus process of lumbar vertebrae, transverse process of T1-T6 and T12) , insertion ( transverse processes L1-L5, C7-C2, costal processes of T1-T12, ribs, mastoid process of temporal bone)
spinalis: origin (spinous process of L3-C6) , insertion (spinous process of T2-T8, C2-C4, external occipital protuberence)

Question 15

rib types

Answer 15

Question 16

vertebral column (know sections)

Answer 16

Question 17

structure of cervical vertebrae

Answer 17

Question 18

structure of thoracic vertebrae

Answer 18

Question 19

internal oblique

Answer 19

• rotates torso on the same side