B8: Photosynthesis Flashcards
What is the waxy cuticle?
-A water proof, protective layer
What is the upper epidermis?
- Transparent layer to allow maximum light for photosynthesis
- One cell thick
What is the pallisade mesophyll layer?
- Layer of tightly packed cells
- Contains most chloroplasts, so most of photosynthesis occurs here
What is the spongy mesophyll layer?
- Layer with lots of airspace to make diffusion more efficient
- They have a large surface area
What is the lower epidermis?
-Layer made up of epidermal cells and guard cells
What is a guard cell?
-Controls the opening and closing of the stoma
What is stomata?
- Where gases diffuse in and out of the cell
- Like a “pore”
What is airspace?
- Empty space in the cell
- Allows for diffusion
What is a xylem vessel?
-Transports water and mineral ions from the roos to the leaves
What is a phloem vessel?
-Transports glucose from the leaf to other parts of the plants in the form of sucrose
What is th name of the xylem and phloem vessels together?
Vascular Bundle
What are chloroplasts?
-Contains chlorophyll, which traps energy from sunlight for photosynthesis
What is an endothermic reaction?
A reaction which takes in heat energy
What is the word equation from photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide + water —-> Glucose + Oxygen
What is the symbol equation for photosynthesis?
6 CO2 + 6 H2O —–> C6 H12 O6 + 6 O2
How is water taken into the plant?
Water enters the root hair cells via osmosis from a high concentration in the soil to a low of concentration in the plant.
In what form is glucose stored?
Starch
In what form is glucose transported as?
Sucrose
What does a plant use glucose for?
- Growth
- Make other carbohydrates, e.g. cellulose
- Make fats and oils
- Make amino acids, which turn into proteins
What is some of the waste oxygen from photosynthesis used for?
Respiration
How does oxygen leave the plant?
It diffuses out of the stoma from a high concentration in the plant to a low concentration in the atmosphere
What is an inverse relationship?
When one variable increases/goes up, the other decreases/goes down
What is the equation for light intensity in relation to distance?
Light Intensity is inversely proportionate to 1/d’2
What is the Inverse Square Law?
As distance increases, light intensity decreases
How does Inverse Square Law relate to photosynthesis?
As distance from the light source increases, photons of light become spread over a wider area.
When calculating light intensity, what is the independent variable?
Distance from light source to plant (cm/m)
When calculating light intensity, what is the dependent variable?
-Number of bubbles per min
OR
-Amount of oxygen produced (cm)
When calculating light intensity, what are some control variables?
- Volume of water in the beaker/tube
- Concentration of Carbon Dioxide
- Size/Species of plant
- Light source
- Light colour
- pH
