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science gcse > B8-photosynthesis > Flashcards

B8-photosynthesis Flashcards

1
Q

how is energy transferred from the environment to the chloroplasts

A

light

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2
Q

what is an endothermic reaction

A

a reaction that needs input from the environment

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3
Q

what is the word equation for photosynthesis

A

light

carbon dioxide + water –> glucose + oxygen

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4
Q

what are the products of photosynthesis

A

glucose and oxygen

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5
Q

how do you know a plant is photosynthesizing

A

you test if its producing oxygen

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6
Q

how do you test if a plant is producing oxygen

A

put pondweed in a test tube full of co2 water and turn the lamp on. If bubbles are produced, oxygen is present.

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7
Q

how are leaves adapted for photosynthesis

A
  • they have a large surface area to maximise the amount of light falls on it
  • leaves are thin, shortening diffusion distances
  • they have veins which gives them water from the xylem
  • there guard ells regulate gas exchange
  • they have air spaces for oxygen and carbon dioxide to diffuse in and out of the cell easily
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8
Q

what do chlorophyll do

A

they absorb light

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9
Q

how are algae adapted to photosynthesize

A

they have a large surface area and absorb C02 that is dissolved in the waterhow

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10
Q

what are limiting factors

A

factors that can limit the amount of photosythesis

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11
Q

how does light affect photosynthesis

A

in most cases, the brighter the light the faster the rate of photosynthesis

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12
Q

how does temperature affect photosynthesis

A

the higher the temperature the faster the rate of photosynthesis, however photosynthesis is controlled by enzymes and at 40-50 degrees the enzymes can denature meaning the rate of photosynthesis will fall

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13
Q

how is carbon dioxide a limiting factor

A

the higher the concentration of carbon dioxide, the higher the rate of photosynthesis. As there is only a small amount in the atmosphere it is a limiting factor, so people use greenhouses to overcome this

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14
Q

how does light intensity influence the rate of photosynthesis

A

put pond weed in a test tube full of co2 water and turn the lamp on 10 cm away from the plant. Time a minute and count the bubbles produced. Move the plant 20,30 and 40 cm away and repeat. Record results and plot a graph.

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15
Q

How is the amount of chlorophyll a limiting factor

A

If a plant has less chlorophyll it photosynthesises less. This could cause the plant to die

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16
Q

how is light intensity and distance linked

A

light intensity is inversely proportional to the square of distance

17
Q

how often do plants respire

A

they respire all the time

18
Q

what is the word equation for respiration

A

glucose + oxygen–> carbon dioxide + water

19
Q

what is the immediate thing glucose is used for

A

respiration

20
Q

what is glucose used for

A 
starch for storage
fats and oils for storage
amino acids for protein
cellulose for making cell walls
respiration
21
Q

Is starch soluble in water

A

no

22
Q

how do you test for starch

A

use the iodine test, if it turns blue/black, starch is present

23
Q

can plants live in areas like bogs with low amounts of nitrate ions

A

no as there are very few nutrients in the soil

24
Q

how are plants like the venus fly trap adapted to live in ares with low amounts of minerals

A

they collect their nutrients from insects they eat.

25
Q

what do plants need to make amino acids

A

nitrate ions from soil or water

26
Q

what are lipids used for in plants

A

strengthening cell walls or providing an energy store for seeds

27
Q

is glucose soluble in water

A

yes

28
Q

why do farmers want plants to photosynthesise a lot

A

so they get more produce and make more money

29
Q

how do farmers maximise photosynthesis in plants in their fields

A

they use huge plastic poly tunnels which act similar to how a greenhouse would

30
Q

how do greenhouses make plants grow more

A

the temperature is warmer and there is more carbon dioxide in them

31
Q

how are commercial greenhouses taking advantage of limiting factors

A

they make sure there is the perfect temperature, light and co2 levels. They sometimes use hydroponics, where they grow plants in water to give them the perfect balance of all the nutrients

32
Q

what are the benefits to the huge greenhouses

A

plants are bigger, the turnover is fast, meaning the profit is higher. The crops are also cleaner

33
Q

what are the costs of the hydroponic greenhouses

A

it takes a lot of electricity and gas as well as a lot of planning and expensive computers and monitoring equipment

34
Q

why do farmers need to look at the economics of hydroponics

A

it costs a lot of money to set up and maintain but the crops grow faster

science gcse (44 decks)

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