B3

Question 1

what is a tissue

Answer 1

a group of cells with similar structure and job

Question 2

what is an organ

Answer 2

a collection of tissues that perform a specific function

Question 3

what does the pancreas do

Answer 3

it makes hormones that control blood sugar level and it makes some of the enzymes that digest things in the stomach

Question 4

what is an organ system

Answer 4

a group of organs that perform a specific function in the body

Question 5

where are the main places food is digested

Answer 5

small intestine and stomach

Question 6

where is bile produced

Answer 6

the liver

Question 7

what are proteins made of

Answer 7

amino acids

Question 8

what is carbohydrates made of

Answer 8

sugars

Question 9

what are lipids made of

Answer 9

fatty acids and glycerol

Question 10

what do proteins do

Answer 10

repair and create tissues. create enzymes

Question 11

what are catalysts

Answer 11

they speed up a reaction without chemically changing themselves

Question 12

what is an enzyme

Answer 12

enzymes are biological catalysts and catalyse specific reactions in living organisms due to the shape of their active site

Question 13

how does the lock and key method with enzymes work

Answer 13

a substrate connects to an enzymes active site(which is specifically shaped for a certain type of substrate) it then splits into products and leaves the active site. the enzyme can be used again

Question 14

what is an enzyme made of

Answer 14

amino acids

Question 15

what is metabolism

Answer 15

the some of all of the reactions in a cell or our body

Question 16

what can affect enzyme activity

Answer 16

PH and temperature

Question 17

what happens when an enzyme denatures

Answer 17

the active site changes shape and the enzyme can no longer work

Question 18

how does an enzyme denature temperature

Answer 18

if the temperature is too hot, over 40 degrees, the chains of amino acid begin to unravel meaning the shape of the active site no longer is the same meaning it doesn’t work as things can’t fit into it, it is irreversible.

Question 19

how does an enzyme denature PH

Answer 19

the shape of the active site in an enzyme is controlled by forces between different parts of the protein molecule. a change in PH affects these forces and changes the shape of the molecule. as a result the specific shape of the active site is lost. Different enzymes work best at different ph levels, sometimes a change in ph can stop them working completely.

Question 20

what is digestion

Answer 20

the breakdown of large insoluble molecules into smaller soluble molecules that can be absorbed into the blood across the wall of the small intestine

Question 21

what do carbohydrases break carbohydrates down into

Answer 21

simple sugars

Question 22

what do proteases break proteins down into

Answer 22

amino acids

Question 23

what do lipases break lipids down into

Answer 23

fatty acids and glycerol

Question 24

what ph is the stomach

Answer 24

very acidic

Question 25

what ph is the small intestine

Answer 25

slightly alkaline

Question 26

where are amylase made

Answer 26

salivery glands and pancreas

Question 27

where are proteases made

Answer 27

pancreas, small intestine and stomach

Question 28

where are carbohydrases made

Answer 28

pancreas and small intestine

Question 29

what ph does protease enzymes work best in

Answer 29

acid

Question 30

how does the stomach maintain a low ph

Answer 30

it produces hydrochloric acid

Question 31

what does bile do

Answer 31

it neutralises acid and emulsifies fat and gives a high ph so the enzymes from the small intestine and the pancreas can work well