B7 Ecology v1

Question 1

what are three types of adaptation

Answer 1

functional, behavioural, structural

Question 2

what is an organism that can live in extreme conditions called

Answer 2

An extremophile

Question 3

what does a producer do in a food chain

Answer 3

Make their own food from the sun

Question 4

what does a primary consumer do in a food chain

Answer 4

Eat the producer

Question 5

what does the secondary consumer do in the food chain

Answer 5

Eat the primary consumer

Question 6

how does a foodchain work

Answer 6

The energy is passed on from each object after every consumption

Question 7

What is the main limitation of a species’ population

Answer 7

the amount of food available

Question 8

how would you compare the distribution of organisms in two areas

Answer 8

“Place a quadrat on the ground and count how many of the organisms there are in the quadrat. Do
this several time and then find a mean. Repeat this for a second area and then compare means”

Question 9

which three thing affects the distributions of organisms

Answer 9

water availability, Temperature change, change in atmospheric gases

Question 10

why do large numbers of giant wilderbeast migrate twice a year in africa

Answer 10

Patterns of rainfall and therefore water availability

Question 11

using a single word for each stage, describe the water cycle in order

Answer 11

evaportation, condensation, precipitation, Transpiration

Question 12

how are elements cycled back to the dstart of the food chain

Answer 12

through decay

Question 13

describe the carbon cycle

Answer 13

“Co2 is removed from the atmosphere by plants. Animals then eat these plants and some carbon is
becomes part of the fats and lipids in their bodies. Microorganisms then consume the carbon from
the dead animals and then respire to return carbon to the atmosphere. Cycle then repeats”

Question 14

what four factors effect the rate of decay

Answer 14

Temperature, oxygen availability, water availability, number of microorganisms

Question 15

what are the first three stage when measuring rate of decay

Answer 15

lipase solution in one test tube. Milk, phenolphalin and sodium carbonate in the other. place in a water bath

Question 16

when measuring rate of decay, what are the quantities of most substances

Answer 16

5cm^3

Question 17

what are the final three stages in measuring rate of decay

Answer 17

Wait until substances are 30C. add lipase to milk test tube. Time how long it takes for colour to change

Question 18

Equation for rate of decay

Answer 18

1000/time

Question 19

what is an abiotic factor

Answer 19

a Non living factor of the environment, e.g temperature

Question 20

what is a community

Answer 20

populations of different species living in a habitat

Question 21

what four things do plants compete for in an environment

Answer 21

light, space, water, soil

Question 22

what four things do animals compete for in an environment

Answer 22

space, food, water, mates

Question 23

what system means a loss of one species in an ecosystem can have a huge impact

Answer 23

a food web

Question 24

name four abiotic factors

Answer 24

light intensity, co2 levels, temperature, soil PH

Question 25

name four biotic factors

Answer 25

New predators, competition, New pathogens, Availability of food

Question 26

Define a structural adaptation

Answer 26

An adaptation that changes the body structure of the animal, such as White Fur in the polar regions

Question 27

define a behavioural adaptation

Answer 27

When an animal changes it’s behaviour over time, e.g increased migration

Question 28

Define a functional adaptation

Answer 28

When an animal changes it’s behaviour over time, e.g increased migration