B7 - Biological Technologies & Ecosystems

Question 0

What is the second thing you do when you test for a genetic disorder?

Answer 0

Make a gene probe with complementary bases to the faulty gene you’re looking for

Question 1

What is the first thing you do when you test for a generic disorder?

Answer 1

Take a DNA sample

Question 2

What is the third thing you do when testing for a generic disorder?

Answer 2

Attach the gene probe to a floured cent chemical marker and mix it with the DNA. If it is present then it will glow when UV light is shone on it

Question 3

What are 2 ways that nanotechnology can be used to improve packaging?

Answer 3

1. Clay nano-particles keep out oxygen and moisture

2. Milk cartons can change colour when milk goes off

Question 4

Name a way in which stem cells can be used to treat illnesses

Answer 4

To treat leukaemia through bone marrow transplants

Question 5

What does biomedical engineering do?

Answer 5

Creates replacement body parts

E.g pacemakers

Question 6

List 5 ways why ecosystems are closed loops systems

Answer 6

1. Oxygen
2. Carbon Dioxide
3. Dead organic matter
4. Mineral nutrients
5. Excess reproductive structures

Question 7

Name 2 reasons why no ecosystem is a perfect closed-loop

Answer 7

1. Organic matter & nutrients can be lost by air or water

2. Some organisms migrate to other ecosystems

Question 8

Name 3 reasons why vegetation is beneficial to ecosystems

Answer 8

1. Reduces soil erosion
2. Prevents extreme temperatures
3. Promotes cloud formation

Question 9

What is eutrophication?

Answer 9

Nitrates from fertilisers are washed j to rivers, causing a lot of algae to grow on the surface. This prevents light reaching the plants below so they die because they can’t photosynthesise and bacteria decompose the dead material, which uses up oxygen. This means animals that need oxygen will suffocate

Question 10

List 4 ways that human activities damage ecosystems

Answer 10

1. Using fertilisers (eutrophication)
2. Taking biomass out
3. Clearing natural vegetation for agricultural needs
4. Creating non-recyclable waste

Question 11

List 2 reasons why human systems aren’t closed loop systems

Answer 11

1. They produce non-recyclable waste

2. Many use fossil fuels

Question 12

List 3 reasons why fossil fuels can not be part of a closed loop system

Answer 12

1. They produce waste emissions
2. They input energy from outside the system
3. They take millions of years to form, so they can’t be used again within a system

Question 13

Name 3 ways in which humans rely on ecosystems

Answer 13

1. Clean air, water and food
2. Fertile soil
3. Pollination for crop production

Question 14

List 2 ways in which humans use resources in a sustainable way

Answer 14

1. Fishing quotas

2. Planting new trees to replace ones that have already been chopped down