B7 Flashcards
How does a tumor form?
A tumor forms when control of the cell cycle is lost and cells grow in a abnormal and uncontrollable way.
What are Benign tumours?
It’s where the growth of abnormal cells occurs in a single membrane. A benign tumor can grow large very quickly.
What are malignant tumours?
Malignant tumor cells can spread throughout the body and invade neighbourly tissues. Tumours form slowly.
How does cancer form?
Most cancers form due to the result of mutations that can change genetic material.
Name two ways cancer is treated nowadays.
Radiotherapy
Chemotherapy
What is radiotherapy?
It’s where cancer cells are destroyed by radiation. It stops mitosis of cancer cells but can damage healthy ones.
What is chemotherapy?
Chemotherapy is where chemicals are used to prevent cancer cells dividing but also, cause them to ‘self destruct’. This doesn’t cause damage to nearby cells.
What are some chemicals in tobacco smoke?
Nicotine, Carbon Monoxide, Tar
What effect does nicotine have on the body?
Nicotine can cause a sensation of being calm.
What effect does carbon monoxide have on the body?
Carbon monoxide is a poisonous gad and can reduce the oxygen capacity in your blood.
Why is smoking during pregnancy dangerous?
Smoking can lead to the baby not getting enough oxygen to grow or it can result in premature births or stillbirths.
What link does smoking have with cardiovascular diseases?
Smoking narrows the blood vessels in your skin and ages it which can lead to coronary heart diseases because of a possible clot formation.
What is the relationship between diet, exercise and obesity.
Diet is where you eat specific foods or eat less than you normally would, exercise is where you can burn off calories or fat from food and obesity is caused by eating too much of the wrong types of foods.
How does exercise affect health?
Exercise affects health by changing the respiration your muscles need and the amount of food you need for the better.
What are some short-term effects of alcohol?
Alcohol can lead to a much slower reaction time than normal, slower nervous system, slower thought processing and slower reflexes too.
What are some long term effects of alcohol on the body?
Alcohol can lead to cirrhosis developing and destroying liver tissue. Liver cancer would become more likely. The brain would begin to fail and not function properly which can lead to death.
What the risks of alcohol during pregnancy?
A placenta could be passed onto the baby. Miscarriages, stillbirths, premature births and low birthweight can also occur.
What is epidemiology?
Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and patterns of health and disease across populations of people.
Why is it important to have representative data?
Representative data can allow us to have an idea of the overall population’s health and disease situation without having to test everyone.
