B5 Flashcards
What are communicable diseases?
They’re diseases caused by pathogens and can be passed from one person to another.
What are Non-communicable diseases?
These are diseases that can’t be passed from one person to another.
What is your health?
It is a state of physical and mental well-being, not just an absence of disease.
What is a pathogen?
A bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that can cause disease.
What are the key methods to preventing infections?
Vaccines, Keeping good hygiene (hand washing, keeping clean, etc)
Who were the key individuals who helped prevent infections?
Ignaz Semmelweis (Hygiene/Washing Hands), Louis Pastuer (Vaccines), Joseph Lister (Destroying Pathogens)
What are the symptoms of measles?
The symptoms of measles are fevers and a red skin rash. It can also cause blindness, brain damage, and can be fatal.
What are the symptoms of HIV?
The symptoms can include, at first, a mild flu-like illness but later on, can cause other viruses to become much more likely due to how HIV messes with the immune system.
What are the symptoms of TMV?
Tobacco mosaic virus’ symptoms include causing a distinct ‘mosaic’ pattern of discolouration on the leaves as it destroys the cells.
Engulfing Bacteria
White blood cells can engulf pathogens or bacteria
Antibodies vs Antigens
Pathogens release antigens but white blood cells neutralise them with antibodies until they can be engulfed by other types of pathogens
Toxins and Antitoxins
Bacterium can release toxins but, white blood cells can counteract them with antitoxins which neutralise them until a white blood cell can engulf them.
