B7(7.1-7.5) Non-Communicable Diseases Flashcards
What is coronary heart disease?
-layers of fatty material that build up inside the coronary
arteries, narrowing them – resulting in a lack of oxygen for the heart
What is a stent?
-a device inserted into a blocked artery to keep it open,
allowing more blood and oxygen to the heart
What are statins?
-drugs that reduce blood cholesterol levels, slowing the
rate of fatty material deposit
What is a faulty heart valve?
-heart valve that doesn’t open properly or leaks
How can a faulty heart valve be treated?
-replace with a biological or mechanical valve
What are artificial hearts used for?
-keep patients alive whilst waiting for a transplant, or
allow the heart to rest for recovery
Define health.
-state of physical and mental well-being
What factors can affect health?
-disease, diet, stress, exercise, life situations
What is a risk factor?
-aspect of lifestyle or substance in the body that can
increase the risk of a disease developing
Give five risk factors.
-poor diet, smoking, lack of exercise, alcohol,
carcinogens
What is cancer?
-a result of changes in cells that lead to uncontrolled
growth and cell division by mitosis
What are malignant tumours?
-cancerous tumours that can spread to neighbouring
tissues and other parts of the body in the blood, forming secondary tumours
What are benign tumours?
-non-cancerous tumours that do not spread in the body
What two types of risk factor affect the development
of cancers?
-lifestyle and genetic risk factors
What is a carcinogen?
a substance that can cause cancers to develop
