B6.3 Monitoring And Maintaining Health Flashcards
What is health
The absence of disease
What is disease
A condition caused by any part of an organism not functioning properly
What is a non communicable disease
A disease that cannot be spread between organisms
Eg Alzheimer’s, diabetes, arthritis
What is a communicable disease
Diseases that can be spread between organisms
Eg chicken pox, influenza, malaria
What are pathogens
Disease causing microorganisms
What are two types of pathogens
Cellular eg fungi / parasites
Acellular / non living eg viruses
How might pathogens enter the body
Digestive system (when food / drinks are shared)
Skin (injuries / bites)
Inhaling / ingesting (respiratory system)
Sexually transmitted
How do diseases spread between animals
Direct contact - touching, sexual intercourse
Air - coughing / sneezing
Water - contaminated water supplies
Vectors - insects, animals
How do diseases spread between plants
Direct contact - sap from infected plants released through agricultural damage / animals feeding
Air - fungal spores / infected seeds spread by wind + water
Soil / water in which plants grow
Vectors - human handling, insects, birds
How do we prevent the spread of diseases
Isolating infected people / animals / plants
Improving hygiene - washing hands, disinfectant
Vaccination
Destroying vector that transfers pathogen
Give 3 examples of strategies used to bring foot and mouth disease down in the UK
Slaughter
Disinfectant
Movement ban
What is identification
Changes in organism’s appearance
Identification of pathogen by DNA
Identification of pathogen by its antigens
What is reduction / prevention
Chemical dips on far
Passport to control movement of livestock
Animals treated with drugs
Crops sprayed with fungicide
Burning plant material, diseased herds slaughtered
What are two examples of bacteria-caused disease
Gonorrhea
Salmonella food poisoning
What is an example of a disease caused by fungi
Athlete’s foot
What is an example of a disease caused by protoctista
Malaria
What are two examples of diseases caused by a virus
Measles
HIV
