B6.080 MSK Care in Patients with Disability Flashcards
impairment
any loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological or anatomical structure or function
-occurs at the level of organ or system function
disability
any restriction or lack (resulting from an impairment) of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being
-functional performance or activity affecting the person
handicap
a disadvantage for a given individual, resulting from an impairment or a disability, that limits or prevents the fulfillment of a role that is normal (depending on age, sex, and social and cultural factors) for that individual
-reflects the interaction with and adaptation to society
current ICF definition of function
health condition
body functions and structures > activities > participation
environmental factors
personal factors
body structures
anatomical parts of the body, such as organs and limbs and their components
environmental factors
aspects of the physical, social, and attitudinal environment
personal factors
myriad of features of an individual’s life that influence functioning, such as age, coping style, education, and social background
activity
the execution of a task or action by an individual, and activity limitation are difficulties in executing activities
`components of mobility
walking
stairs
can or walker
wheelchair
participation
individual’s involvement in a life situation such as work, school, or sports, and required performance of various actions and tasks
components of participation in a functional history
living situation
social roles
community access
goal of physiatry
goal is prevention, diagnosis and treatment of disorders that may produce temporary or permanent impairment
restoration of function
maximize quality of life
patient centered care
3 tasks of the gait cycle
weight acceptance
single limb support
limb advancement
phases of the gait cycle
stance phase
swing phase
gait in hemiparesis
circumduction of the affected side due to foot drop
Trendelenburg sign
drop of pelvis when lifting leg opposite to weak gluteus muscles
myofascial pain
painful muscles with taut bands and trigger points (knots) that refer pain with pressure
pathophysiology of myofascial pain
muscle weakness
overuse or imbalance
treatment of myofascial pain
1st - correct muscle imbalances, stretch and strengthen, with correct biomechanics
2nd - medications or injections
trochanteric bursitis
inflammation of the bursa over the greater trochanter
pathophysiology of trochanteric bursitis
injury
overuse
muscle imbalances
treatment of trochanteric bursitis
1st - correct muscle imbalances, stretch and strengthen gluteal muscles with correct gait biomechanics
2nd - medications or injections
ways to improve gait in those with hemiparesis
single point cane
ankle foot orthosis on affected side
physical therapy
proper use of single point cane
one point on contact with the ground
held in unaffected arm
height at the level of the greater trochanter
-maintains arm carriage as to not flex elbow too much or put too much weight on the cane
