B5 Flashcards
Where are stem cells found
Embryonic stem cells are found in embryos up to the 8 cell stage
In bone marrow
What is differentiation
When cells become specialised
What is mitosis
When cells divide to produce identical daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes
What is meiosis
Cell division used to produce gametes. 4 daughter cells with only 23 chromosomes in humans
How can plants be cloned
Cuttings put in the plant hormone auxin
A tissue culture- small piece of tissue put in nutrient jelly with auxin
What is a plants response to light
It is positively phototropic- they grow towards the light as growth hormones are produced in the shades side
What are meristems
Unspecialised cells in plants found in in stem, roots, shoots and buds that allow the plant to grow
What are chromosomes
Thread like structures found in the nucleus made from the DNA molecule
What is the shape of DNA
A double helix
What are the bases of DNA
A+T and
C+G
What does the order of bases make
The genetic code
Where does protein synthesis happen
The cytoplasm
What are proteins made up of
Amino acids
How does protein synthesis occur
DNA unzips, mRNA mimics it, the mRNA leaves the nucleus and goes to the ribosomes where the protein is made
What does is a codon and what does it correspond to
It is 3 rungs of DNA that code for and amino acid
