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Biology OCR 21st century > B4 > Flashcards

B4 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is respiration

A

The process by which all organisms release energy from food

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2
Q

What do organisms do with the energy from respiration

A

Movement
Growth
Producing molecules

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3
Q

What are enzymes

A

Biological catalysts that speed up the rate of chemical reactions they are proteins

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4
Q

What are substrates

A

The chemicals that enzymes work on

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5
Q

Enzymes need specific … And …. To work

A

Specific ph and temperature

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6
Q

What is the optimum temperature for enzymes

A

37*

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7
Q

What is photosynthesis

A

The process by which green plant make glucose

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8
Q

Word equation for photosynthesis

A

Carbon dioxide+water—glucose+oxygen

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9
Q

How is sunlight absorbed by plants

A

Through chlorophyll in the chloroplasts of plant cells

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10
Q

What are the products of photosynthesis used for

A

Converted to starch for storage
Used in respiration
Converted to chemicals that are used for growth

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11
Q

What is the balanced symbol equation for photosynthesis

A

6CO2 + 6H2O—-C6H12+ 6O2

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12
Q

What does the cell membrane do

A

Controls what enters and exits the cell

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13
Q

Where do most chemical reactions take place within the cell

A

The cytoplasm

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14
Q

What does the nucleus contain

A

DNA the genetic code

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15
Q

What are mitochondria

A

Where aerobic respiration takes place

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16
Q

Where does anaerobic respiration take place

A

The cytoplasm

17
Q

What is the product of anaerobic respiration

A

Lactic acid

18
Q

What is diffusion

A

Movement of chemicals from a high to a low concentration across a concentration gradient- it is a passive process

19
Q

What is osmosis

A

Diffusion of water across a partially permeable membrane

20
Q

What is active transport and give an example

A

Transport using energy from respiration to transport chemicals across a partially permeable membrane -eg minerals taken up by plants

21
Q

What are the limiting factors for photosynthesis

A

Temperature, co2 and light intensity

22
Q

When does anaerobic happen

A

During exercise, in plants in waterlogged soil, bacteria

23
Q

What is fermentation

A

A type of anaerobic respiration used by some microorganisms

24
Q

Why is fermentation important

A

Alcohol production
Biogas production
Bread making

25
Q

What is the active site

A

The area of the enzyme where the reaction takes place- only fits a specific substrate

Biology OCR 21st century (5 decks)

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