B4 Flashcards
What is respiration
The process by which all organisms release energy from food
What do organisms do with the energy from respiration
Movement
Growth
Producing molecules
What are enzymes
Biological catalysts that speed up the rate of chemical reactions they are proteins
What are substrates
The chemicals that enzymes work on
Enzymes need specific … And …. To work
Specific ph and temperature
What is the optimum temperature for enzymes
37*
What is photosynthesis
The process by which green plant make glucose
Word equation for photosynthesis
Carbon dioxide+water—glucose+oxygen
How is sunlight absorbed by plants
Through chlorophyll in the chloroplasts of plant cells
What are the products of photosynthesis used for
Converted to starch for storage
Used in respiration
Converted to chemicals that are used for growth
What is the balanced symbol equation for photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O—-C6H12+ 6O2
What does the cell membrane do
Controls what enters and exits the cell
Where do most chemical reactions take place within the cell
The cytoplasm
What does the nucleus contain
DNA the genetic code
What are mitochondria
Where aerobic respiration takes place
Where does anaerobic respiration take place
The cytoplasm
What is the product of anaerobic respiration
Lactic acid
What is diffusion
Movement of chemicals from a high to a low concentration across a concentration gradient- it is a passive process
What is osmosis
Diffusion of water across a partially permeable membrane
What is active transport and give an example
Transport using energy from respiration to transport chemicals across a partially permeable membrane -eg minerals taken up by plants
What are the limiting factors for photosynthesis
Temperature, co2 and light intensity
When does anaerobic happen
During exercise, in plants in waterlogged soil, bacteria
What is fermentation
A type of anaerobic respiration used by some microorganisms
Why is fermentation important
Alcohol production
Biogas production
Bread making
