B5 Flashcards

Question

What is the end product in meiosis?

Answer 1

4 non - identical cells from one cell. Cells in reproductive organs divide to form gametes

Answer 2

🔴cell makes copies of it’s chromosome, double the genetic info (46-92) 🔴the cells then divide (92-46) 🔴divides again (46-23) 🔴these cells are called gametes - haploid cells and are genetically different because chromosomes were shuffled in the process

Answer 3

A trait linked to one gene pair that consists of two alleles

Answer 4

Ovaries contain the X chromosome. Sperms contain either an X or Y chromosome. XX is female XY is male

Answer 5

22 control characteristics, each pair look very similar The 23rd carries sea determining gene , the two chromosomes look different to each other (y smaller than x)

Answer 6

Multiple gene interacting rather than a single gene to form a characteristic (phenotype)

Answer 7

🔵offsprings have some characteristics that their parents gave because they inherit hereditary units (genes) 🔵one unit is received from each parent 🔵units can be dominant or recessive and cannot be mixed together

Answer 8

Pea experiment, he noticed that height and colour were passed on to offspring

Answer 9

No there is extensive genetic variation due to mutations

Answer 10

🕝Before the artificial class system was used (human judgments and observations was used) 🕧 now natural classification is used using phylogenetics

Answer 11

🔸improvements in microscopes 🔸DNA evidence 🔸studies of biochemistry

Answer 12

The similarities and differences in DNA 🌳the closer the branches are the closer they are related

Answer 13

🔁random mutations occur between organisms 🔁if the mutation provides a survival advantage in the environment,the organism is more likely to SURVIVE and REPRODUCE. 🔁less well adapted organism die -“survival of the fittest “ 🔁they pass on the advantageous gene 🔁this process occurs over many generations

Answer 14

The change in inherited characteristics of a population over a period of time through a process of natural selection which may result in the formation of a new species

Answer 15

The genetic variants make a population of species so different they they can no longer interbreed to produce fertile offsprings . This results in a new species

Answer 16

🟢closely related organisms have evolved from the same ancestor 🟢 the simpler organism are found in older rocks, more complex organisms found in newer rocks

Answer 17

1. Identify the adaptation and how to helps the organism survive 2.explain how the adaptation helps the organism survive and reproduce so it can pass on the allele coding for the characteristic to the next generation 3. State how this increases the phenotype in the population

Answer 18

Bacteria reproduces at a very fast rate 🦠Exposure to antibiotics creates selection pressure. 🦠Those with the antibiotic resistant gene survive and others die 🦠They reproduce and pass on the advantageous gene Showing how those with antibiotic resistance become prominent within a population very quickly

Answer 19

🔺Wallace focused on speciation and how , physical isolation leads to different advantages for different environments 🔺Darwin focussed on survival of the fittest

Answer 20

Buildings in which seeds are stored so that new plants may be brown in the future, even if naturally plants become extinct. This helps maintain biodiversity, a wide range of different species in an ecosystem.

Answer 21

Darwin and Wallace worked INDEPENDENTLY, in different islands , discovering different things

Answer 22

🔵The first name is the genus 🔵the second name is the species

Answer 23

🟡it want against religious belief’s 🟡there is insufficient evidence