B4 Flashcards
What is an ecosystem?
Living organisms and physical conditions combined and interacting in an area
What is a community
All the living organisms in an area
What is a habit
The place in which the organisms live
What is a population?
The total number of organisms of a species living in an area
What is a producer?
An organism that makes it’s own food by photosynthesis. All plants
What are consumers?
Organisms that cannot make their own food , therefore have to eat other organisms to gain energy.
All animals
What are decomposers?
Bacteria or fungi who gain energy by feeding on dead or decaying material. They secrete enzymes if the surface of the dead organism and absorb the smaller , digested food molecules
How is energy made by producers?
They store chlorophyll from the sun which is used in photosynthesis to create glucose. This glucose is stored as energy within the chemical energy.
What are the abiotic factors?
Non living factors that can effect organisms (Physical/ chemical) ————— Light intensity Temperature Soil pH Moisture levels
What is a biotic factor? And some examples
A living factor that affects another organism, or shapes the ecosystem in some way. Eg: 🧡competition for resources 🧡amount of disease 🧡availability of food
What is competition?
two or more organisms contesting a resource
What is interdependence?
All species depend on other species in some way
How does light intensity affect other organisms?
☀️Light is required for photosynthesis
☀️ the rate of photosynthesis will affect the rate of growth for the plant
☀️the plants can be good sources or shelter for many organisms
How does temperature affect other organisms?
Increases photosynthesis
How does soil pH affect other organisms ?
🦔affects the rate of decay
🦔and determines how fast mineral ions will return to the soil
🦔 different species of plants thrive in different pH levels
How does food availability affect other organisms?
(Biotic)
🍌more food means more organisms can be bread which increases the population for that species
How does new pathogens affect other organisms?
🦠when a new pathogen arises the population has no resistance , so they can be wiped out quickly
What factors do plants need to survive?
🪴light 🪴water 🪴carbon dioxide 🪴minerals 🪴space
What do animals need to survive?
🐸food 🐸water 🐸breeding partners 🐸space 🐸shelter
What is predation?
The relationship between the predator and the prey
How do the predator and prey populations fluctuate in a predation relationship?
The cycle goes:
🐺if prey increases, so does predator
🐺however the new predators will over eat decreasing the prey
🐺 then the population of predators will decrease, allowing prey to increase again
What is the difference between parasitism and mutualism?
In mutualism both will benefit,
Whereas in parasitism, only one will benefit whole the other suffers
What do pyramids of biomass show?
The biomass of each trophies level in a food chain
Each layer shows the mass of living organism
* the bars get smaller as the trophies level goes higher (total mass decreases)
Why does the biomass decrease as the tropic level increases?
Most of the biomass and energy is either lost or used as:
🐌organisms don’t eat every part
🐌bits they do eat might not be digested and come out as poop 💩
🐌 most if the nutrients that animals absorb get released through respiration for everyday functions:
As waste products such as carbon dioxide or urea
