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RC Test 3 > B4.051 Prework 1 Acid Base Balance > Flashcards

B4.051 Prework 1 Acid Base Balance Flashcards

1
Q

normal blood gas values

A

PaO2 95 mmHg
PaCO2 40 mmHg
pH 7.4
HCO3- 24 mM

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2
Q

stimuli of alveolar ventilation

A

decreased PaO2
increased PaCO2
decreased arterial pH (increased H+ conc)

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3
Q

respiratory acid base changes

A

due to a change in alveolar ventilation causing a chance in PaCO2

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4
Q

metabolic acid base changes

A

change in production of loss of acid or base

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5
Q

what is a metabolic compensation

A

kidneys alter excretion/absorption of H+ ions

take several days to develop

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6
Q

what is a respiratory compensation

A

alter alveolar ventilation to change PaCO2 levels and production of acid from carbonic acid
occur rapidly

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7
Q

what is the plasma buffer curve

A

change in pH and HCO3 when CO2 levels in plasma are altered

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8
Q

buffer equation

A

CO2 + H2O <> H2CO3 <> H+ + HCO3-

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9
Q

result of increased PaCO2 on buffer curve

A

increased H+ and HCO3-

shifts right

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10
Q

result of decreased PaCO2 on buffer curve

A

decreased H+ and HCO3-

shifts left

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11
Q

slope of plasma buffer curve

A

-10 mmol HCO3- per pH unit

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12
Q

how does a change in 10 mmHg PaCO2 alter pH

A

change of 0.08

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13
Q

why is the 10 mmHg/ 0.08 pH rule useful

A

helps distinguish between acute and chronic disturbances

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14
Q

what is the key point of Henderson hasselbach

A

pH is proportional to ratio of bicarb/ PCO2

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15
Q

what is the davenport diagram

A

HCO3- on y axis
pH on x axis
plasma buffer curve (horizontal) plotted along with PCO2 isobars (vertical)

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16
Q

in reality do you see noncompensated metabolic disturbances?

A

no

respiratory compensation is almost immediate

17
Q

uncompensated resp acidosis

A

PaCO2 is increased and HCO3 is increased slightly

18
Q

compensated resp acidosis

A

PaCO2 is still increased and HCO3- is increased even more (urine will be acidic)

19
Q

uncompensated metabolic acidosis

A

PaCO2 normal and HCO3- is decreased

20
Q

compensated metabolic acidosis

A

PaCO2 decreased due to hyperventilation and HCO3- is decreased even more (due to decreased PaCO2)

21
Q

uncompensated respiratory alkalosis

A

PaCO2 decreases and HCO3- is decreased slightly

22
Q

compensated respiratory alkalosis

A

PasCO2 decreased and HCO3 is decreased even more (urine will be alkalotic)

23
Q

uncompensated metabolic alkalosis

A

PaCO2 is normal and HCO3- is increased

24
Q

compensated metabolic alkalosis

A

PaCO2 is increased due to alveolar hypoventilation and HCO3- is increased even more (due to increased PaCO2)

RC Test 3 (22 decks)

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