B4 - Using food and controlling growth

Question 1

respiration

Answer 1

the process of transferring energy from the breakdown of glucose

Question 2

atp

Answer 2

stores the energy that has been transferred by respiration. Then this energy is used for active transport ect

Question 3

aerobic respiration

Answer 3

breaks down glucose and combines the products with oxygen to make co2 and water

Question 4

equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 4

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O
(glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water)

Question 5

anaerobic respiration

Answer 5

without oxygen
mechanism to continue producing small amounts of energy in the form of ATP
just 2 molecules of ATP is produced

Question 6

anaerobic respiration in animals//bacteria

Answer 6

glucose is partially broken down and lactic acid is formed as a waste product

Question 7

anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast

Answer 7

glucose → ethanol + carbon dioxide

Question 8

the cell cycle
(interphase)(mitosis)

Answer 8

uses mitosis to grow or replace damaged cells. The stage of division is called mitosis. The end of the cell cycle results in two new cells identical to the original.

Question 9

Interphase stage 1

Answer 9

in the original cell, the DNA is all spread out in long strings. The cell needs to increase the amount of subcellular structures it has. DNA is then duplicated for each cell.
forms an x shape and both arms are the exact copy

Question 10

mitosis stage 2

Answer 10

the chromosomes line up at the centre and cell fibres pull them apart. the two arms go to opposite ends. membranes form around, nucleus divides then the cyto and mem divide
2 daughter cells genetically identical to parent produced

Question 11

electron microscopes

Answer 11

higher mag and resolution
you can see much smaller things like the internal structure of chloroplast

Question 12

equation to work out total magnification

Answer 12

eyepiece lens magnification x objective lens magnification

Question 13

equation if you don’t know what lens was used

Answer 13

magnification = measured size / actual size

Question 14

sexual reproduction

Answer 14

mother & father produce sperm & egg cells (gametes) they contain 23 from each
fuses together to create a zygote

Question 15

meiosis

Answer 15

1) interphase 0 - dna is duplicated