B4- Information Systems & Communication Flashcards
Information Technology (IT)
a general term that encompasses many different computer-related components
- Hardware- physical computer, peripheral device
- Software- systems & programs, general or specific
- Network- comm media, allows multiple computers to share data & info in real time
- People (in IT)- all have standard functions, can have different job titles
- Data & Information
Data
vs.
Information
Data = raw facts
Information = organized & processed data
Production Data
vs.
Test Data
Production Data- live/real data
Test Data- staging data, fake data for testing purposes
Roles of Business Information Systems (BIS)
- Process Detailed Data (TPS)
- Assist in Making Daily Decisions (DSS)
- Assist in Developing Decision Strategies (EIS)
- Take Orders from Customers
Data Capture
First step in processing business transactions
Techniques
- Manual Entries
- Source Data Automation (barcode scanners)
Data Accuracy
- Well Designed Input Screens (fool proof)
- Prenumbered Forms
Data Processing
After data is collected, it must be processed
Functions Performed on Data
- Collect
- Process
- Store
- Transform
- Distribute
Normal Series of Events in a BIS
1- set up by hardware technician, network admin, and software developers
2- functional system ready for end user to input data
Accounting Information Systems (AIS)
definition
an AIS is a type of MIS, and may also be partly a TPS. a well-designed AIS creates an audit trail for accounting transactions
Objectives of an AIS
to record valid transactions at the proper value, in the proper accounting period & properly present in FS
Sequence of Events in AIS
- Source Document
- Filed
- Journal
- Ledger
- Trial Balance
- FS Report
Transaction Cycles of AIS
5 Cycles:
- Revenue
- Expenditure
- Production
- HR/Payroll
- Financing
Data Processing Cycle
- Input
- Storage
- Process
- Output
Data Processing Cycle:
1- Input
- make sure all transactions of interest are accounted for
- input verification (tracing to source documents/turnaround docs)
- data input is verified prior to acceptance
Data Processing Cycle:
2- Storage
Methods
- Journals & Legers
- Coding (sequence, block & group codes)
- Chart of Accounts
Sequence Codes
use seqential numbers, like checks
Block Codes
blocks of numbers group into categories
Assets = 1000s
Group Code
More specific form of block codes
123456
123= appliance
45= kitchen
6= product
Data Processing Cycle:
2- Storage
Computer storage terms
- Entity
- Attributes
- Field
- Record
- Data Value
- File
- Master File
- Transaction File
- Database
Entity
subject of stored info
Attributes
data is related to:
Field
Data Value stored in a specific space (cell)
Record
Many fields
Data Value
contents of fields
File
many records