B4 Flashcards
What is meant by photosynthesis
Process of plant making sunlight using photosynthesis
Where does photosynthesis take place
In the leaf where most cholopast is
What kind of reaction is photosynthesis
Endothermic- takes in energy and stuff to make food
Word equation for photosynthesis
Carbon dioxide + water –> glucose + oxygen
Balanced symbol equation for photosynthesis
6CO² + 6H²O –> C6H12O6 + H²O
Glucose is a product of photosynthesis. List 5 uses of glucose
- needed for respiration- occurs all the time
- stored as Insoluble starch- converted back into glucose when needed
- Some glucose make fats and oils
- cellulose - used in cell wall go support and strengthen cell
- glucose combine with nitrate ions to make amino acids which are used to make protiens
What are the 4 factors that effect the rate of phtosynthesis
Light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, tempurature, amount of cholophyll
How does like intensity affect the rate of photosynthesis
When zero, photosynthesis rate is at zero. When increase, photosynthesis rate increase as the plant has more energy from the light to do photosynthesis. But there comes to a point where the maximum light intensity has been reached so photosynthesis rate increases no futher
Carbon how does carbon dioxide concentration affect the rate of photosynthesis
When increase, photosynthesis rate increase. This tells us carbon dioxide is a limiting factor. At some point photosynthesis rate stops increasing so it is no longer a limiting factor
How does tempurature affect the rate of photosynthesis
When increase, enzymes in reaction work faster so rate of photosynthesis increases. If temp keeps increasing, the enzymes active sight will change which will make the substrate and active site of the enzyme not complimentary anymore causing it to denatured. This will make photosynthesis rate fall
How does amount of chlorophyll affect rate of photosynthesis
Cholorphyl Absorb sunlight for photosynthesis, the more there is the more photosynthesis can occur
Limiting factors are important in economics of enhancing the conditions in the greenhouses to gain maximum rate of photosynthesis while still maintaining profit. Describe how this happens
Artificial light intensity allow photosynthesise to continue beyond daylight hour or higher than that
What is inverse square law
Light intensity x 1/distance²
As distance doubles, light intensity goes down by a factor of 4
What process do we get energy from
Respiration
Give 3 reason why organisms need energy
Movement, keep warm, chemical reactions to build larger molecules eg: protiem made by chemically joining amino acids
Where does respiration take place
In mitochondria of all living cells
What is aerobic respiration? How much energy is transfered
When glucose and oxygen reacts to produce carbon dioxide and water. This also releases lots of energy. This requires lots of oxygen
Word equation and symbol equation for aerobic respiration
Glucose + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water
C6H12O6 + 6O² –> 6CO² + 6H²O
What is anearobic respiration and how much energy is transfered
When there is a lack of oxygen,muscles respire anearobicly which produces less energy and produces lactic acid.
Word equation for lactic acid
Glucose –> lactic acid + energy
When time of respiration occur in yeast cells? What is word equation? What is process called?
Yeast cells respire anearobicly. This is called fermentation.
Glucose –> ethanol + carbon dioxide
What is the economic importance of yeast cell respiration?
The ethanol produced can be used in alcohol and the char on dioxide produced can be used to help make bread rise
When you exersie you respire more. What happens to heart rate when you respire?
Increases to pump more oxygenated blood around the body so more can reach muscle cells so we can respire more
What happens to breathing rate and breathing volume when you respire? Why?
Breath more frequent and take deeper breaths so more oxygen can enter the body and at a faster rate. This is so more respiration can take place. During exersise, body needs great deal of energy for muscle contraction
Why is a anearobic respiration not the best way to transfer energy from glucose?
This produces lactic acid that builds up in the muscles. It is poisoness so it causes pain and cramps. Also it does not produce alot of energy and causes muscle fatigue
What is oxygen dept
. Sometimes not enough oxygen is suppliwd to the muscles
. Lactic acid builds up during exersise causing muscles to fatigue
. This cause muscles to stop contracting efficiently
. At this point, body must remove lactic acid causing oxygen dept
Lactic acid is transported out of the muscles Into the blood
. Then lactic acid is taken to liver and transported mack into glucose
. All this requires oxygen
Oxygen dept is the amount of excess oxygen the bogy needs after exersise to deal with accumulated lactic acid.
. This is when we breath rapidly after exersise
What is metabolism
Sum of all the chemical reaction in a cell or in the body
Give examples of metabolism reactions that take place in the body
. Glucose being stored as glycogen in the human body- storage form of glucose.
. To make lipids
