B3f - Growth And Development

Question 1

What are the differences between a bacterial and animal cell?

Answer 1

Bacterial cell- single circular strand and absence of a nucleus
Animal/plant cell- chromosomes and the presence of a nucleus

Question 2

What do bacterial cells lack?

Answer 2

• a “true” nucleus
• chloroplasts
• mitochondria

Question 3

What is the best measure of growth?

Answer 3

Dry mass

Question 4

What phases of rapid growth are in humans?

Answer 4

1- just after birth

2- adolescents

Question 5

What are the advantages and disadvantages of wet mass?

Answer 5

Advantage- live organisms can be measured

Disadvantage- water contact can change

Question 6

What are the advantages and disadvantages of dry mass?

Answer 6

Advantages- more accurate method

Disadvantages- can’t measure live organisms

Question 7

What are the advantages and disadvantages of length?

Answer 7

Advantages- quick and easy method

Disadvantages- organism may increase in siZe but length may not change

Question 8

What can undifferentiated cells (stem cells) develop into?

Answer 8

Different cells
Tissues
Organs

Question 9

Where can stem cells be obtained from?

Answer 9

Embryonic tissue. It could potentially be used to treat medical conditions

Question 10

Why does plant growth differ from animal growth?

Answer 10

• animals tend to grow to a finite size, plants grow continuously
• plant cell division is mainly restricted to area called meristems
• cell enlargement is the main method by which plants gain height
• many plant cells retain the ability to differentiate but most animal cells lose it at an early stage

Question 11

What is a meristem?

Answer 11

They are found at the tips of shoots and roots