B3e - the circulatory system

Question 1

How are red blood cells adapted to its function?

Answer 1

The small size provides a large surface area to volume ratio

Question 2

What are the parts of the circulatory system and how do they transport substances around the body?

Answer 2

• arteries (transporting blood away front the heart)
• veins (transporting blood to the heart)
• capillaries (exchanging material with tissues)

Question 3

Adaptations of arteries?

Answer 3

Thick muscular and elastic cell walls

Question 4

Adaptations of veins?

Answer 4

Large lumen and presence of valves

Question 5

Adaptations of capillaries?

Answer 5

Permeability

Question 6

What do the left and right atria do?

Answer 6

Receive blood

Question 7

What do the left and right ventricles do?

Answer 7

Pump blood

Question 8

What do the semilunar, tricuspid and bicuspid valves do?

Answer 8

Prevent back flow of blood

Question 9

Which ventricle has a thicker muscle than the other?

Answer 9

The left ventricle has a thicker muscle because it has to pump blood all around the body. The right ventricle only has to pump blood to the lungs

Question 10

What are the advantages of having a double circulatory system in mammals?

Answer 10

• higher pressures

- therefore greater rate of flow to the tissues