b3.3

Question 1

why is it important to control blood sugar levels?

Answer 1

to have enough energy to perform normal body functions

high blood sugar levels can damage body systems, especially nerves and blood vessels.

Question 2

what is released when blood sugar levels are too high?

Answer 2

insulin

Question 3

what organ releases insulin

Answer 3

the pancreas

Question 4

where does the insulin travel to

Answer 4

the liver

Question 5

what happens in the liver

Answer 5

insulin stimulates the liver to turn glucose into glycogen

Question 6

how does glycogen stores lower blood sugar levels

Answer 6

glycogen is stored inside the liver meaning that there is less glucose remaining in the blood.

Question 7

what is released when the blood glucose concentration is too high?

Answer 7

glucagon

Question 8

what does glucagon do

Answer 8

turn glycogen stores back into glucose which is then released back into the blood

Question 9

what is diabetes

Answer 9

when your blood sugar levels remain high and it is not curable

Question 10

what is type 1 diabetes

Answer 10

when people cannot produce insulin as their immune system has destroyed the pancreatic cells that make insulin.

Question 11

what is type 2 diabetes?

Answer 11

when a persons body’s cells cannot effectively use insulin and do not respond properly to it. Or they may not produce enough insulin to deal with their high blood sugar levels.

Question 12

why is the water levels in blood plasma important?

Answer 12

there is a high water potential in the blood plasma, it will move water into your blood cells, causing them to swell and burst, known as lysis

if there is a low water potential in the blood plasma, water will move out of blood cells through osmosis causing them to shrink