B3.2 Flashcards
What is the endocrine system?
Endocrine system:
- Collection of glands that secrete hormones
- Travels in the blood
- Reach a target organ to bring effect
What is homeostasis?
Homeostasis:
- Helps to maintain a constant internal environment
What are characteristics of hormones?
Hormones:
- Originate at glands
- Travel in blood
- Long lasting duration
- Slow speed of action
- Chemical signal type
What is the pituitary gland?
Pituitary gland:
- Releases hormones, that can stimulate different glands to release hormones
What is the thyroid gland?
Thyroid gland:
- Releases thyroxine
- Controls metabolism
What is the adrenal gland?
Adrenal gland:
- Releases adrenaline
- Fight/flight response
What is the pancreas?
Pancreas:
- Releases insulin
- Controls blood sugar levels
What are the ovaries?
Ovaries:
- Releases oestrogen and progesterone
- Coordinates menstrual cycle
What are the testes?
Testes:
- Produces testosterone
What is negative feedback?
Negative feedback:
- Homeostatic change
- Body detects change in environment
- Makes adjustments to return back to normal
How does body react to change in thyroxine?
Thyroxine:
- Brain detects change
- Send signal to pituitary gland via motor neurone
- Releases less thyroxine stimulating hormones
What is FSH? (1)
FSH:
- Follicle stimulating hormone
- Produced in pituitary gland
- Travels to ovaries to stimulate oestrogen release
- Matures egg
What oestrogen? (2)
Oestrogen:
- Produced in ovaries
- Thickens uterus lining
- Inhibits FSH release
- Stimulates LH release
What is LH? (3)
LH:
- Luteinising hormone
- Produced in pituitary gland
- Ovulation (release of egg)
What is a condom?
Condom:
- Non hormonal
What is a diaphragm cap?
Diaphragm cap:
- Inserted into vagina
- Prevents sperm from entering uterus
What is an intrauterine contraception?
Intrauterine:
- Releases progesterone
- Thickens mucus
What is non-hormonal contraception?
Non-hormonal:
- Barrier methods
What are hormonal contraception?
Hormonal:
- Use hormones to disrupt female reproductive system
What is in vitro fertilisation?
In vitro fertilisation:
- Egg taken out and mixed with sperm in petri dish
- Syringed into uterus after covered
What is phototropism?
Phototropism:
- Growth in response to light
What is gravitropism?
Gravitropism:
- Growth in response to gravity
What is auxin?
Auxin:
- Hormone released at growing tips of shoots
What are gibberellins?
Gibberellins:
- Overcome dormancy
What is ethene?
Ethene:
- Releases gas
- Ripens other fruits
