B3 Organisation And Enzymes Flashcards
What is an enzyme?
A biological catalyst
What is a catalyst?
A substance which increases the speed of a reaction, without being changed or used up in the reaction
What is the active site?
A unique shape that fits onto the substances involved in a reaction
What happens if the substrate does not fit into the active site?
The reaction will not be catalysed
What does changing the temperature of an enzyme catalysed reaction do?
Change the rate
What initially happens in an enzyme catalysed reaction with an increase in temperature?
The rate increases
What happens to an enzyme when the temperature gets too high?
The bonds of the enzymes break
This means the active site changes shape so the substrate does not fit
This is when the enzyme is denatured
What is meant by the optimum temperature of an enzyme?
Where the enzyme is most active
this means there are the maximum number of successful collisions between the active site and substrate
How does the pH affect enzymes?
If the pH is too high or too low, the bonds are interfered with. This changes the shape of the active site so denatured the enzyme
What is meant by the optimum pH?
Where the enzyme is most active.
What do you digestive enzymes break down?
A breakdown big molecules into smaller ones
Why do digestive enzymes break down molecules?
The broken down molecules smaller and more soluble so they can pass through the digestive system
This is an absorbed into the bloodstream
What do carbohydrases breakdown?
Carbohydrates into simple sugars
Where is amylase made?
Salivary glands
Pancreas
Small intestine
What do proteases breakdown?
Proteins into amino acids
Where are proteases made?
Stomach – Pepsin
Pancreas
Small intestine
What does lipases convert?
Lipids into glycerol and fatty acids
