B.3 Gas Laws Flashcards
Mole
Amount of a substance with the same number of elementary entities as the number of atoms in 0.012kg to 12C
Avogadrao’s Constant
the number of atoms in 0.012kg of 12C
Molar mass
the mass of one mole of a substance
Why is a gas never always an ideal gas?
It can behave like an ideal gas but all gases can be turned into a liquid
Ideal gas characteristics (collisions, shape/motion, forces, volume)
- Collisions are elastic and last negligible amounts of time
- Spheres and random motion
- No intermolecular forces between them
- Have negligible volume compared to volume of gas as a whole
Pressure
Force per unit area that acts perpendicular to the surface of the object (Pa)
Why do gas particles exert a force on the walls of a container?
Due to their change in momentum as they collide with the wall
Pressure a gas exerts can be changed by changing
- Force per collision
- Number of collisions per unit area
- Number of collisions per unit time
For an ideal gas the magnitude of the pressure is related to…?
The average translational speed of molecules
Change in state
Pressure, volume, temperature
Pressure law
Pressure is proportional to temperature if volume is constant
If volume is constant…
Pressure is proportional to temperature (P/T)
Charles’ Law
Volume is proportional to temperature if pressure is constant
If pressure is constant…
Volume is proportional to temperature (V/T)
Boyle’s Law
Pressure is inversely proportional to volume if temperature is constant
