B3 Flashcards
What is a tissue
Group of similar cells working together
What is an organ
Group of different tissues working together to complete a function
What is an organ system
A group of organs working together to complete a task
What is an organism
Different organ systems working together to complete the necessary tasks for a life form to continue to live
Mouth function
Contains teeth and salivary glands. Teeth grind up food and saliva mixes in with food for it to be swallowed
Stomach function
Where food is broken down with stomach acid and digested further
Function of colon / large intestine
Absorbs water and leaves waste for excreation
Function of small intestine
Has a large SA of villi that absorb nutrients into the blood. Has blood supply in villi for quick diffusion into blood
What is in a lipid complex
Glycerol and fatty acid chains
Why do we need lipids
We need fat in our bodies for our reserve energy stores , insulation and energy in periods of low demand. This is most important in people where their body composition is important to maintain
What is in a complex startch molecule ( carbohydrate )
Simple sugar eg glucose
Why are carbohydrates important
We need carbohydrates for our short term energy source in times of high energy demand . It is necessary to have it in your diet to complete every day activity especially those built round an athletic lifestyle
What makes up a protein complex
Polypetide chain made up of individual amino acids
What is protein necessary in the body
We need protien in our bodies for the growth of new cells and repairing of old tissues for example weight lifter will use protein to ensure that when breaking their muscle fibres they will grow stronger.
Test for startch
Iodine test
Test for sugar
Benedicts
Test for protein
Buiret solution
What test is used for lipids
Ethanol / sudan 3
Protocols iodine
Add a drop of iodine , look for dark purple precipitate
Benedicts protocols
Add benedicts solution to food . Put in water bath , wait for colour change green - red
Buirets protocols
Add solution to food and shake . Look for purple precipitate
Ethanol protocols
Mix ethanol with food , pour out ethanol into water tube leaving food . Cloudy layer indicates presence
Do foods with sugar also contain startch
No
What are enzymes
Are special proteins involved in metabolism . They are catalysts. They can build or break or change molecules . They break food into small soluble molecules that can be absorbed into bloodstream and be delivered arountpd the body.
What do enzymes form as they work
Enzyme substrate complexes
Enzymes and substrates must be …
Complimentry
A substrate will BIND to the enzymes …..
Active site
The enzyme-substrate complex will leave …
products that are broken down and soluble
Name a carbohydrase enzyme
Amylase - in mouth and small intestine . Leave glucose molecules
Name a protease enzyme
Pepsin - found in stomach and small intestine , leaving individual amino acids
Where are lipase enzymes found
Small intestine , leaves glycerol and fatty acid chains
Impact of temperature on enzymes up to optimum
….. B3 Workbook
Impact of temperature on enzymes past optimum
…. B3 workbook
Impact of pH away from an optimum pH
….. B3 workbook
