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Test 1 IBI > B3-003 Prework 1 Intro to Lab Diagnosis Culture > Flashcards

B3-003 Prework 1 Intro to Lab Diagnosis Culture Flashcards

1
Q

What are Koch’s postulates

A
  1. Microorganism present in every case of the infectious disease
  2. Microorganism can be isolated in pure culture
  3. Inoculation of pure culture into animals produces similar disease
  4. Same species of micro organism recovered from diseased animal
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2
Q

What are the arrangements of spherical bacterial cells

A

Diplococcus
Tetrad
Streptococcus
Staphylococcus

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3
Q

What feature of gram negative bacterial cell wall is an endotoxin

A

Lipopolysaccharide –> shock

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4
Q

In a gram stain what happens to gram positive bacteria

A

they stain violet

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5
Q

In a gram stain what happens to gram negative

A

it stains pink

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6
Q

What is an obligate aerobe

A

requires oxygen for growth

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7
Q

What is facultative anaerobe

A

will grow in aerobic and anaerobic conditions

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8
Q

What is microaerophilic

A

grows best with low concentrations of oxygen

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9
Q

What is obligate anaerobe

A

Oxygen is toxic

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10
Q

What are fermenters

A

Fermentation of glucose and lactose used to characterize organisms

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11
Q

How do you measure fermentation

A

Byproducts - Lactic acid, butric acid, mixed acids

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12
Q

When your patient has an infection what are the diagnostic tests you can choose from

A

microscopy, culture, serology, molecular biology

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13
Q

What is molecular biology

A

nucleic acid detection

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14
Q

Sputum specimen is from

A

lower respiratory tract

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15
Q

What are the normal bacterial flora of upper respiratory tract

A 
Staph sp.
Strep sp.
 - Strep pneumoniae
 - Viridans strep
Haemophilus sp
Anaerobes
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16
Q

What is the normal bacterial flora of the skin

A

Staph sp
Coryneform bacteria or diptheroids
Propionibacterium sp

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17
Q

What is the normal bacterial flora of the GI tract

A 
anaerobes
enterococcus sp
enterobacteriaceae
Enterobacteriaceae
- Escherichia coli
- klebsiella sp
Strep anginosus
Lactobacillus sp
candida sp
18
Q

What are the normal flora of the Genital tract

A

Lactobacillus sp

Strep agalactiae

19
Q

what types of specimens do you use direct gram stain

A

sputum, positive blood culture, abscess fluid, CSF, vaginal discharge

20
Q

What is an enriched culture

A

contains nutrients to support growth of a wide variety of organisms

21
Q

What is a selective culture

A

inhibits growth of certain groups of organisms

22
Q

What is a differential

A

distinguish organisms based on growth characteristics

23
Q

What are key concepts of blood cultures

A

Draw before antibiotics

Fill bottles

24
Q

What is a viral culture grown with

A

mammalian cells

25
Q

What type of hemolysis is green and shows incomplete lysis around a colony

A

alpha

26
Q

What type of hemolysis has a clear zone around the colony

A

beta

27
Q

What type of hemolysis has no hemolysis

A

gamma

28
Q

What organism produces a yellow pigment on a blood agar

A

Staphylococcus aureus

29
Q

What organism grows red/pink colonies

A

Serratia marcascens

30
Q

What organism grows green/blue colonies

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

31
Q

What are the colony characteristics of Klebsiella pneumoniae

A

mucoid

32
Q

What are the colony characteristics of candida albicans

A

Projections

33
Q

What are the colony characteristics of proteus vulgaris

A

Swarming

34
Q

What are 3 enzymatic tests

A

Catalase
Coagulase
Oxidase

35
Q

What organisms exhibit alpha hemolysis

A

S. Pneumoniae
S. Mutans
Viridans group

36
Q

What organisms exhibit beta hemolysis

A

S. Pyogenes (GAS)

S. agalactiae (GBS)

37
Q

what is an organism that exhibits gamma hemolysis

A

enterococcus

38
Q

what types of antimicrobial susceptibility testing are there

A

Genotypic - PCR based detection of the genes associated with resistance to a drug
Phenotypic - tests ability of organism to grow in presence of drug

39
Q

What are advantages of PCR based detection of genes associated with resistance to drug

A

Fast
Very sensitive
Very specific

40
Q

What are limitations of PCR

A

Expensive

Single target

41
Q

What are examples of phenotypic susceptibility testing

A 
MIC
Agar dilution
Broth microdilution
Disk diffusion
Strip (Etest)

Test 1 IBI (8 decks)

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